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New ionic-gel polymer electrolytes (IGPEs) are designed for use as electrolytes for all-solid-state supercapacitors (ASSSs) with excellent deformability and stability. The combination of the photochemical reactionbased polymer matrix, weak-binding lithium salt with ionic liquid, and ion dissociating solvator is employed to construct the nano-canyon structured IGPE with high ionic conductivity (σ DC = 1.2 mS cm −1 at 25 °C), high dielectric constant (ε s = 131), and even high mechanical robustness (bending deformation for 10 000 cycles with superior conductivity retention [≈91%]). This gives rise to ASSS with high compatibility and stability, which is compliant with foldable electronics. Consequently, this ASSS delivers remarkable electrochemical performance (specific capacitance of ≈105 F g −1 at 0.22 A g −1 , maximum energy density and power density of 23 and 17.2 kW kg −1 ), long lifetime (≈93% retention after 30 days), wider operating temperature (≈0-120 °C), and mechanical stabilities with no significant capacitance reduction after mechanical bending and multiple folding, confirming the superior electrochemical durability under serious deformation states. Therefore, this ultra-flexible and environmentally stable ASSS based on the IGPE having the nano-canyon morphology can be a novel approach for powering up the ultra-deformable and durable nextgeneration wearable energy storage devices.

To achieve both high structural integrity and excellent ion transport, designing ion gel polymer electrolytes (IGPEs) composed of an ionic conducting phase and a mechanical supporting polymer matrix is one of the promising material strategies for the development of next-generation all-solid-state energy storage systems. Herein, we prepared an IGPE thin film, in which an ion-diffusing phase containing ionic liquids and lithium salts was bicontinuously intertwined with a cross-linked epoxy phase, using a silicon elastomer-based stamping method, thus producing a homogeneous IGPE-based thin film with low surface roughness (R rms = 0.5 nm). Following the optimization of the IGPE thin film in terms of the concentrations of ionic constituents, the film thickness, and various process parameters, the IGPE itself showed a high ionic conductivity of 0.23 mS/cm with a low activation energy for lithium-ion transport, as well as the high capacitance of approximately 10 μF/cm2 based on the metal–insulator–metal configuration. Furthermore, an all-solid-state supercapacitor containing two IGPE coating-activated carbon electrodes produced using our poly­(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) stamping method exhibited high energy and power densities (44 W h/kg at 875 W/kg and 28 kW/kg at 3 W h/kg). It was also found that this supercapacitor showed a dramatic reduction (more than 50%) of the current–resistance (IR) drop, which is an indicator of low interface resistance, while maintaining the initial electrochemical performance even after severe mechanical deformation such as bending or rolling. Therefore, all these results support the fact that our developed PDMS stamping method enables the rendering of a high-performance ion gel polymer thin-film-based electrolyte with acceptable stability and mechanical flexibility for all-solid-state wearable energy storage devices.

This paper presents the design process and experimental results of a brand new flapping and trailing edge control mechanism for a flapping wing micro air vehicle. The flapping mechanism, whose main components are fabricated from string, is suggested and optimized further by a modified pattern search method. The trailing edge control mechanisms for pitching and rolling moments are designed to be attached onto the present flapping mechanism in a modularized fashion. Prototypes of both mechanisms are fabricated and experimentally tested in order to examine the feasibility of the designs. It is expected that the present flapping mechanism will generate enough lift for the total weight of the vehicle. The present control mechanism is found to be able to supply sufficient control moment.

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