The wireless sensor network consists of small limited energy sensors which are connected to one or more sinks. The maximum energy consumption takes place in communicating the data from the nodes to the sink. Multiple sink WSN has an edge over the single sink WSN where very less energy is utilized in sending the data to the sink, as the number of hops is reduced. If the energy consumed by a node is balanced between the other nodes, the lifetime of the network is considerably increased. The network lifetime optimization is achieved by restructuring the network by modifying the neighbor nodes of a sink. Only those nodes are connected to a sink which makes the total energy of the sink less than the threshold. This energy balancing through network restructuring optimizes the network lifetime. This paper depicts this fact through simulations done in MATLAB.
In multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, symbol error rate (SER) performance of Gamma shadowed Weibull multipath fading channel has not been investigated in existing literature. In this paper, MIMO system is realized with maximal ratio combining (MRC) technique that operates over Weibull-Gamma (WG) fading channel where WG forms a generic distribution. Higher order modulation like 16-phase shift keying (16-PSK) and 16quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) are used with MIMO-MRC for the analysis of proposed system. Simulation and analytical results show that by increasing the values of fading parameters (β and m), SER performance can be improved. Also16-QAM gives better SER performance than 16-PSK.
Keywords-Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO); symbol error rate (SER); maximal ratio combining (MRC); Weibull-Gamma (WG) fading; phase shift keying (PSK); quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM).I.
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