Herein we present a rare case of cystic adventitial degeneration involving the common femoral artery (CFA) of a 71-year-old patient, an unusual site of presentation of the disease. The most commonly affected district is the popliteal artery, and only a few cases of CFA involvement are described in literature. The history and comorbidities of the patient oriented us initially towards the diagnosis of an atherosclerotic obstructive disease. It was only intraoperatively indeed that a diagnosis of cystic adventitial arterial degeneration was made, subsequently confirmed by microscopic examination. Our case shows how both clinical and instrumental diagnosis of cystic adventitial disease can be challenging, given its non-specific presentation and low incidence. Suspicion of cystic adventitial degeneration is recommended in patients with sudden appearance of symptoms and with an isolated lesion of the affected artery without other involvement of the vascular tree.
Objectives: To analyze outcomes following endovascular treatment of total occlusion of the infrarenal aorta and aorto–iliac bifurcation in a multicenter Italian registry. Methods: It is a multicenter, retrospective, observational cohort study. From January 2015 to December 2018, 1306 endovascular interventions for aorto–iliac occlusive disease were recorded in the vascular registry. For this analysis, only patients treated for total occlusion of the infrarenal aorta and aorto–iliac bifurcation were included. Early (<30 days) primary outcomes of interest were technical success and mortality. Late major outcomes were primary and secondary patency and freedom from conversion to open aortic surgery. Results: A total of 54 (4.1%) patients met the inclusion criteria. Total percutaneous revascularization was possible in 41 (75.9%) patients and hybrid (endo plus open) intervention in 13 (24.1%) patients. The kissing-stent-graft technique was used in 45 (83.3%) cases, covered endovascular reconstruction of the aortic bifurcation (CERAB) in 5 (9.2%), and a unibody endograft deployed in 4 (7.4%). Technical success was 98.1% (n = 53). There were no episodes of intraoperative or perioperative vessel rupture. Conversion to open surgery was not necessary, and there were no in-hospital deaths. The median patient follow-up time was 16 months (interquartrile range [IQR], 6-27). The estimated primary patency rate was 95.8% ± 0.03 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 85.5-98.9) at 1 year, 91.4% ± 0.05 (95% CI: 76.2-97.2) at 2 years, and 85 ± 0.08 (95% CI: 64.5-94.6) at 3 years. Cox regression analysis demonstrated that sex (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.15-6.23, p = 0.963), extent of the occlusion (HR: 0.28; 95% CI: 0.05-1.46, p = 0.130), calcium score (HR: 1.88; 95% CI: 0.31-11.27, p = 0.490), or type of endovascular reconstruction (HR: 0.80; 95% CI: 0.13-5.15, p = 0.804) did not affect primary patency. Secondary patency was 95.5% ± 0.04 (95% CI: 78.4-99.2) at 3 years. No patients required late conversion to open surgical bypass. Conclusions: Endovascular reconstruction for total occlusion of the infrarenal aorta and aorto–iliac bifurcation was successful using a combination of percutaneous and hybrid revascularization techniques. Estimated patency rates at 3 years of follow-up are promising and are unaffected by the extent of occlusion or type of revascularization.
Pseudo-aneurysms of the arteries of the lower limbs are a possible complication of leg trauma. Complications include rupture, infection, pain and distal embolization. This is a case of a 24-year-old man hospitalized after a car accident, in which we discovered a 1-cm large pseudo-aneurysm of the right superficial femoral artery. The pseudo-aneurysm in first place was treated by the interventional-radiologist for an endovascular repair by embolization with ONYX 34, but during the procedure the copolymer embolized in the arterial axe with complete obstruction of blood-flow in the lower limb. An urgent open surgical revascularization was then attempted by our team with the result of complete patency of the femoro-popliteal axis and of the tibial vessels. Embolization with ONYX is an effective and safe method, but it is susceptible to this type of complication for larger pseudo-aneurysms, where it is required an introduction of a larger quantity of polymer.
IntroductionThis study compares the white matter lesion distribution and substrate between patients with type one myotonic dystrophy (DM1) and patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS).MethodsTwenty-eight patients with DM1, 29 patients with relapsing remitting MS, and 15 healthy controls had an MRI scan, including FLAIR, quantitative magnetization transfer (qMT) imaging. qMT data were processed to compute the pool size ratio (F), correlating with myelin content. The average F was computed within lesions and normal appearing white matter (NAWM) for every participant. Lesion masks were warped into MNI space and lesion probability maps were obtained for each patient group.ResultsMean lesion volume was higher in MS than DM1. DM1 presented higher prevalence of anterior temporal lobe lesions, but none in the cerebellum and brainstem. In both patient groups the mean F of lesions was lower than the NAWM (p<0.01, CI 0.06–0.07), but it was lower in MS than DM1 (p<0.01, CI 0.01–0.04).ConclusionsDM1 show a greater lesion distribution in the temporal lobe regions compared to MS. Using qMT, we demonstrated reduced F values within DM1 lesions, suggesting a loss of myelin density. The mean F is lower in MS lesions than DM1 lesions, indicating a lesser degree of demyelination in the former.sara.leddy1@nhs.net
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