Purpose The number of cancer survivors worldwide is growing, with over 15.5 million cancer survivors in the United States alone—a figure expected to double in the coming decades. Cancer survivors face unique health challenges as a result of their cancer diagnosis and the impact of treatments on their physical and mental well-being. For example, cancer survivors often experience declines in physical functioning and quality of life while facing an increased risk of cancer recurrence and all-cause mortality compared with persons without cancer. The 2010 American College of Sports Medicine Roundtable was among the first reports to conclude that cancer survivors could safely engage in enough exercise training to improve physical fitness and restore physical functioning, enhance quality of life, and mitigate cancer-related fatigue. Methods A second Roundtable was convened in 2018 to advance exercise recommendations beyond public health guidelines and toward prescriptive programs specific to cancer type, treatments, and/or outcomes. Results Overall findings retained the conclusions that exercise training and testing were generally safe for cancer survivors and that every survivor should “avoid inactivity.” Enough evidence was available to conclude that specific doses of aerobic, combined aerobic plus resistance training, and/or resistance training could improve common cancer-related health outcomes, including anxiety, depressive symptoms, fatigue, physical functioning, and health-related quality of life. Implications for other outcomes, such as peripheral neuropathy and cognitive functioning, remain uncertain. Conclusions The proposed recommendations should serve as a guide for the fitness and health care professional working with cancer survivors. More research is needed to fill remaining gaps in knowledge to better serve cancer survivors, as well as fitness and health care professionals, to improve clinical practice.

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Using aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate as medium, acrylamide (AM) and dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate methyl chloride (DMC) as main raw materials, poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate methyl chloride) (PDMC) as stabilizer and 2,2′‐azobis (2‐amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (V‐50) as initiator, the cationic polyelectrolyte of P(DMC‐AM) was synthesized by aqueous dispersion polymerization. The effects of the major reaction variables on synthesis conditions, product characteristics (particle size and molecular weight), and polymerization rate were investigated. The polymerization was retarded by the presence of the ammonium sulfate. The optimum reaction conditions for obtaining a stable aqueous dispersion were concentrations of 1.8 × 10−4–7.0 × 10−4 mol L−1 for V‐50, 1.5–3.5% for stabilizer, and 23.2–30.0% for salt. The molecular weight of PDMC formed was 1.5 × 105 to 7.0 × 105. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008

INTRODUCTIONThere are approximately 17 million cancer survivors living in the United States, and by 2040, this estimate is predicted to increase to 26.1 million. 1 Exercise provides a myriad of health benefits to individuals during and after cancer treatment by reducing treatment-related symptoms, improving functional status and quality of life, and lowering the risk of disease recurrence. 2,3 Despite the established benefits, an individual's level of physical activity often decreases during treatment and does not return to prediagnosis levels after treatment completion. 4,5 Although exercise is regarded as safe and beneficial for individuals with cancer, promoting exercise for this population is complex. A patient-centered pathway is needed that can guide oncology and primary care professionals in the efficient assessment of an individual's condition and enable personalized referrals for exercise interventions that promote physical activity. The purpose of this article is to provide a framework for clinical decision making that enables personalized condition assessment, risk stratification, and referral to optimal settings for exercise promotion for cancer survivors. Implementation strategies are also offered to support the integration of this model into an oncology clinical workflow.With guidance from their medical provider, individuals are more likely to engage in exercise and maintain levels of physical activity during cancer treatments. 6 However, the number of individuals with cancer who report receiving exercise-specific guidance from their health care providers is low. 7 Of particular concern is the lack of knowledge and training among health care professionals about exercise prescription for this complex population. 8

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