Moisture is one of the main factors in the deterioration of heritage buildings, causing mould, unwanted parasites, and the decanting of salts, which, in turn, aggravate such degradation. The existence of moisture not only affects the building aesthetically, but is also evidence of bad conservation conditions. It is thus extremely important to verify and assess the extent of the moisture, even though it may not be confirmed by mere visual inspection. This article describes an innovative and straightforward procedure to automatically show where moisture appears, as well as the affected area. The procedure is based on the use of 3D laser scanner surveying data for documentation purposes of historic buildings. Data are processed off-line in order to analyse the laser reflectivity level. The method is not intrusive, allows large areas to be covered in a short time, and does not interact with the materials, which makes it optimal for application to these special buildings. Hence, professionals of the conservation sector will have objective and comprehensive information on moisture damage, helping them to take decisions on the action to be undertaken. The results achieved in the Cathedral of Ciudad Rodrigo (Spain) are shown to demonstrate the utility of the proposed method.Keywords: Moisture detection, Multi-point humidity measurement, Moisture optical measurement systems, 3D laser scanning, Index of reflectivity, Surface reflectivity measurement Research objectiveThe present work is aimed at defining a novel, practical method for obtaining 3D digital models that clearly show where moisture appears, and also where it is likely to appear, in heritage buildings. Alternative methods in use are improved, and decision making on the corrective and preventive conservation measures to be adopted by cultural heritage owners or managing organizations will be facilitated. In addition, the competitiveness of related conservation and restoration enterprises will be encouraged.To this end, an applied research approach is proposed, which combines state-of-the-art 3D data acquisition, with a tailored computational algorithm for managing the reflectivity index provided by laser scanning devices. Hence, a useful unique digital model, including geometrical, colour, and reflectivity information of complex shaped objects, could be readily obtained, thereby favouring not only the cataloguing, but also revealing the moisture content and extension of the original sites.Time, expenditure, and areas to be cleared up can be clearly defined by the proposed method, which has been implemented through a practical tool for handling 3D point clouds, giving support to current and further automatic procedures.
It is clear that construction and demolition wastes (CDW) are constantly increasing throughout the world and these wastes can be used effectively to minimize the consumption of natural resources in the manufacture of more sustainable concrete. The CDW occupy an important segment of world waste production and its generation reached approximately 3 billion tons in 2012 in 40 countries [1]. Although this topic has been studied in the world, it is still valid for the reuse of waste that is constantly increasing, and although in many countries there are already examples of its use this type of concrete in Colombia and in the Medellì n city lacks applications. This project proposes the application of a sustainable concrete made with CDW and coal ash in the Medellí n city for its implementation in the construction of urban furniture. A university community diagnosis of the needs in terms of furnishing was made. With the design reached, a modular chair was proposed to enable spaces within the university. The mechanical characteristics of the concrete and the design of the chair are evaluated and a simulation is done through finite elements to evaluate the viability of the proposed concrete, finding that with these properties is possible to manufacture durable and sustainable furniture that serves as an example for the application of sustainable materials , 0 0 (201 MATEC Web of Conferences https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/2019 0 9) ICBMM 2019 303 3030 50 1 50 1 , 0 0 (201 MATEC Web of Conferences https://doi.org/10.
(...) En este sentido, habría que integrar los edificios históricos en la vida cotidiana de la sociedad y hacer al ciudadano partícipe partícipe y usuario de la edificación histórica en la medida de lo posible. Debe acabarse con la visión “elitista” de los lugares históricos, que se entienden más como museos o lugares turísticos que como elementos vivos a los que dotar del uso debido para que la sociedad desarrolle sus funciones cívicas en ellos, o a través de ellos, aunándose la actualidad con la historia de que son testigos y sobre la que se asienta precisamente esa sociedad. Así tendrá verdadero sentido la concepción del patrimonio como motor de riqueza tanto cultural como económica (...).
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