As a contribution to debates about the predominance of English as a global lingua franca, this paper presents a study of worldwide publishing rates in the natural and social sciences. Bibliometric data from Scimago's index of Elsevier's Scopus database show: (1) a general increase in indexed documents from 1996-2015 that has outpaced increases in world population and gross world product (GWP); (2) stark disparities between nations of the center and periphery (whether defined in economic or linguistic terms); and (3) steady reductions in these disparities. It can be inferred from these data that indexed journals are becoming more nationally diverse in their contents, though the appearance of high rates of change for a small subset of countries should be attributed to indexing factors rather than real progress.
In this paper, a case is made that campus internationalization and the social integration of both domestic and international students may be fostered through volunteerism. This argument is supported by data from a survey (n = 122) of a performing arts volunteer organization at a large Midwestern public university. The survey examines the national diversity of the organization, its inclusion practices, and student perceptions of their own cross-national interactions. The results are augmented by participant-observation data from an international graduate student volunteer. Discussion includes a consideration of respondent satisfaction with the organization's diversity and inclusion practices, as well as their experience socializing and making friends while volunteering. It is worth identifying successful organizations such as the one described in this paper because the defining factor for success may depend on specific attitudes and practices.
The effect upon response latencies of random increases or decreases in stimulus intensity following a barrier-crossing response in a Mowrer-Miller shuttle box was studied. Stimulus change was contingent upon the response. 32 albino rats were randomly assigned to a control group which received no stimulation and to three experimental groups: Group L (subjected to changes in light), Group N (subjected to changes in noise), and Group LN (subjected to changes in light and noise). It was found that (a) in terms of mean latencies Group LN differed significantly from Group L and the control group. (b) Although the trial effect was significant, response latency did not consistently decrease over trials. (c) The mean number of spontaneous crossings was significantly larger for Group LN than for all other groups. (d) The mean number of spontaneous crossings increased over trials.
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