Recent research suggests that opioid receptors on peripheral nerve terminals may play an important role in the modulation of pain. Clinical applications of this knowledge have been rather slow to evolve. We describe a consecutive series of nine patients with painful skin ulcers due to a variety of medical conditions. All patients were treated with a topical morphine-infused gel dressing. Seven of the nine patients experienced substantial and another experienced a lesser (but still significant) degree of analgesia. The ninth reported no relief, but his wound was not an open ulcer. Discussion centers on the practical application of this development in the large number of patients with painful skin lesions.
Abstract-The charge-storage characteristics of a metal-oxidesemiconductor (MOS) structure containing size-tunable sub-2 nm Pt nanoparticles (NPs) between Al 2 O 3 tunneling and capping oxide layers were studied. Significantly different amounts of memory window were obtained with the different sizes of Pt NP embedded MOS structures and reached a maximum of 4.3 V using a 1.14 nm Pt NP, which has the strongest charging capability caused by optimum size and the largest particle density obtained in our deposition method. Satisfactory long-term nonvolatility was attained in a low electric field due to the Coulomb blockade and quantum confinement effects in ∼1 nm Pt NP. These properties are very promising in view of device application.Index Terms-Nanoparticle (NP), nonvolatile memory (NVM), size-tunable platinum.
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