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BACKGROUND AND DESIGN--Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) is a slowly advancing disease that initially presents in the skin and may later progress to involve the lymph nodes and viscera. Since CTCL most often presents on non-sunlight-exposed regions of the body, a possible protective role for UVB irradiation has been suggested. Recent observations have also found that UVB irradiation serves an immunoregulatory role. Given that limited data are available regarding the use of UVB phototherapy in treating CTCL, a retrospective nonrandomized study of 37 nonconsecutive patients with early CTCL was performed to assess the efficacy of UVB phototherapy in the treatment of CTCL. RESULTS--Twenty-five (71%) of the 35 patients treated with UVB phototherapy (two were unavailable for follow-up) achieved a total clinical remission. Median time to remission was 5 months, and median duration of the remission was 22 months. Twenty-five (83%) of 30 patients with disease limited to patches achieved remission, whereas none of the patients with plaque-level disease achieved a remission. Of the 25 patients who achieved complete remission, five (20%) had a recurrence of CTCL. CONCLUSIONS--Phototherapy with UVB appears to be effective in patients with early patch-stage CTCL.