The testing of a model performance is important and is also a challenging part of scientific work. In this paper, the results of the physically-based EROSION-3D (Jürgen Schmidt, Berlin, Germany) model were compared with trapped sediments in a small reservoir. The model was applied to simulate runoff-erosion processes in the Svacenický Creek catchment in the western part of the Slovak Republic. The model is sufficient to identify the areas vulnerable to erosion and deposition within the catchment. The volume of sediments was measured by a bathymetric field survey during three terrain journeys (in 2015, 2016, and 2017). The results of the model point to an underestimation of the actual processes by 30% to 80%. The initial soil moisture played an important role, and the results also revealed that rainfall events are able to erode and contribute to a significant part of sediments.
The modeling of soil erosion processes is affected by several factors that reflect the physical-geographic conditions of the study site together with the land use linkage. The soil parameters are significant in the modeling of erosion and also runoff processes. The correct determination of a soil's parameters becomes a crucial part of the model's calibration. This paper deals with a sensitivity analysis of seven soil input parameters to the physically-based Erosion 3D model. The results show the variable influence of each soil parameter. The Erosion 3D model is very sensitive to initial soil moisture, bulk density, and erodibility.
Heritage preservation is a broad topic that affects virtually all fields of human activity. One of them is industrial heritage which is, among others, represented by the construction of dams. The assessment of such constructions, which could be important from the point of view of heritage preservation and potentially be declared cultural monuments, should be based on the analysis and historical development of the particular society. It should reveal which constructions can be found in a selected area and how they are divided. Dams include hundreds of constructions. A professional heritage officer, who is to decide whether to process and submit a proposal for the inclusion of a dam in the list of cultural heritage, thus faces the problem of how to carry out the analysis effectively. This article describes a procedure for using both cluster analysis and scaling method to categorise a set of 119 dams to be able to identify exceptional, so-called iconic, structures. By comparing the selection of significant representatives of dams created by the application of the two methods, which proved to be appropriate in terms of the industrial heritage preservation, a majority concordance is reached.
Retrospective analysis of published hydrological researches: models, trends and geographical aspects over the last two decades of hydrological modelling The expanding knowledge of natural processes, increasing computing capacity and demands related to the current environmental changes has resulted in more complex and a greater number of hydrological models. The amount of papers or studies has been rising sharply, especially over the last two decades. To understand the evolution, we statistically analysed papers involving the field of hydrological modelling. We explored the records of the SCOPUS web database for the time period of 1998-2017. Nearly 760 publications were identified. First, we compared the number of the papers to determine trends of their production. In the analysis, we focused on the classification of pre-defined factorsauthorship, geographic origin, and the spatial and temporal scales of every model. We also conducted cluster analysis to highlight possible links between the individual models and the above-mentioned factors. The analysis of the data shows significant changes in the methodology applied iFn hydrological research as a result of the growing data availability, new sources of information and the importance of global research endeavours. Our findings highlight the increasing quantity and internationalization in the field.
The scope of this study is an evaluation of potential soil water erosion using the physically-based erosion model, EROSION-3D. This model is event-based and calculates soil water erosion during an actual measured rainfall event. The calculations of the erosion model take advantage of a digital elevation model, precipitation and soil parameters, which are established in a specific parameter catalogue. The soil water erosion was modeled in two small catchments in the Myjava Hill Land (Slovakia), using 9 soil moisture scenarios and two different crops on arable areas. When considering the last 35 years of rainfall records at the Myjava meteorological station, three storm rainfall events were applied in the modeling. The results were statistically analyzed to figure out the differences between the model's functional possibilities; the modeling under the various scenarios proved a strong interaction between the values of the input factors and the results of the soil erosion.
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