Eleven cases of dilated cardiomyopathy have been diagnosed and treated in captive Livingstone fruit bats ( Pteropus livingstonii) in the United Kingdom over the past 7 yr. All but one case received treatment with a diuretic plus an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI), and, or pimobendan. One case is still under treatment with pimobendan alone, following diagnosis before onset of clinical signs. Diuretic treatment consisted of furosemide at a dose rate of 0.5-5 mg/kg, one to three times daily, and, or spironolactone at a dose rate of 1-4 mg/kg, once or twice daily. When used, the ACEI imidapril was given at a dose rate of 0.24-0.38 mg/kg q 24 hr, and pimobendan at a dose rate of 0.2-0.5 mg/kg bid. This report is intended to provide anyone seeking to medically manage heart failure in Pteropus species, particularly P. livingstonii, with a review of drugs and doses that have been used.
The effects of separate increases in atrial and ventricular contraction rates on the distribution of coronary flow within the heart were determined in conscious dogs with chronic heart block. Atrial tachycardia increased atrial blood flow and did not change ventricular blood flow. Ventricular tachycardia increased ventricular blood flow but not atrial blood flow. The results are consistent with the concept of local regulation of coronary perfusion by local myocardial energy turnover. The results also call attention to a potential adverse impact of atrial tachyarrhythmia in patients with underlying coronary ischemia.
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