The advance of online technology and instructional delivery such as Web-based learning (WBL) has heralded new changes in education. Students using the WBL environment in various courses at eight universities in Malaysia were surveyed. Results showed that five main factors influence the effectiveness of the online learning process: students' behavior, characteristics of lecturers, interactive application, technology or system, and the institutions. Results indicated that students' grades are highly correlated with student perception, self-efficacy and interactivity. The WBL learners do not outperform traditional learners. There is also a need to improve the quality of WBL due to differences in adaptation styles of learners in the process.

This study is an effort to propose a conceptual model to measure the impact assessment of entrepreneurship pedagogic. It delineates entrepreneurship education pedagogic into four dimensions and opined specific level for each dimension. Reviewing the entrepreneurship education programme, assessment of entrepreneurship pedagogic evaluates the structure that influence growth mindset development through embedded heuristic strategies, thus, the impact on entrepreneurship knowledge and entrepreneurial capital asset context is proposed. Affirming Fayolle, Gailly, and Lassa-Clerc conceptual affinity that entrepreneurship education share with learning theories and entrepreneurship pedagogical content knowledge were conceptualized to suggest some practical realism guidelines of what insightful philosophy of teaching entrepreneurship need to achieve. With direct synthesis of relevant literature, propositions relating to entrepreneurship pedagogic structure along with the institutional connectedness and associated dimensions of entrepreneurship pedagogic assessment outcome were postulated. Also, the paper proposes the need for further assessment of specific forms of pedagogic impact on entrepreneurial human capital asset.

The rapid development of the Internet has amplified the use of information and communication technology (ICT). This has raised concerns regarding environmental sustainability in the ICT industry in relation to carbon emission, high electrical energy consumption, and vulnerable e-waste management practices. Therefore, this study investigates the relationship between the isomorphic drivers of institutional pressure such as coercive, normative, and mimetic pressures, and the importance of implementing the Environmental Management System (EMS) towards the adoption propensity of green ICT in Malaysia. 127 ICT-based organizations under the Multimedia Digital Economy Corporation (MDEC) in Malaysia are utilized to gather data using a survey based on a 5 and 7-point Likert scale questionnaire. A proportionate stratified random probability sampling procedure is used for this purpose. The results from this exploratory study prove that both normative pressure and the importance of EMS implementation have a positive and significant relationship with the adoption propensity of Green ICT. This finding will be beneficial in assisting policy makers, academicians, and future researchers in determining the significant factors in the adoption propensity of Green ICT along with the materialization of Malaysia's National Green Technology Policy.

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Mobile banking has the benefits of internet banking, in which the customer can access bank services over an internet connection anytime and anywhere. Millennials in Malaysia’s business environment are an enormous segment of the Malaysian population, and they are moving to take their places in the middle and high levels of their companies’ managerial governance pyramid these days and in the near future. This study examines the question, “What are the main factors that may influence mobile banking use (MBU) and the intention to use mobile banking (IU) among millenial consumers in Malaysia?”. The determining factors of UTAUT, performance expectancy (PE), effort expectancy (EE), social influence (SI), facilitating conditions (FC), hedonic motivation (HM), price value (PV), habit (Ha), perceived risk (PDR), and interface design quality (IDQ) were tested in this study. Method: SPSS and PLS-SEM are employed on a collected sample of 504 respondents of Millennials in Malaysia using a well-defined questionnaire to carry out all statistical analyses of this study. Result: The study model can explain 55.3% of the variance of mobile banking use (MBU) and 60.3% of the intention to use mobile banking (IU). In this study, all the relations of the model are significant, except the relation between price value (PV) and the intention to use mobile banking. For both IU and MBU in the model, the factor “Interface design quality” (IDQ) has the highest impact. In contrast, the factor “Perceived Risk” (PDR) has the lowest impact. The findings of this study extend the knowledge on mobile banking as an approach of financial technology implementation, from which mobile banking providers and interface designers can provide new potential solutions to expand the usage of mobile banking services in Malaysia. This study proposed a modified model with eleven variables. While the designed model was evaluated successfully and explained 55% of actual use and 60% of intentional use, the remaining portion (45% for actual use and 40% for intended usage) exposes yet other factors that are still unrevealed. Therefore, further studies are required to assess the design in various other financial sectors, and further studies are invited to conduct qualitative research to reveal other variables for a better understanding of the intention and actual use of mobile banking.

Lifelong learning is an option to fulfil societal needs in order to create a dynamic society. The rising in participation in lifelong learning programmes contributed due to the pressure of globalization and technologies in Malaysia’s changing demography. Therefore, this study aimed at identifying the factors that influence the intention of the Malaysian working adults towards lifelong learning and to develop marketing strategies for Malaysian education providers. The foundation of this study is based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour. However, two additional variables were included as the extension to the current model which is trust and perceived usefulness. This research was designed as a cross-sectional field survey, where questionnaire were used for data collection. The target population for this study were the Malaysian working adults who are working in different organizations within the Klang Valley area. The sample size for this research is 210. The hypothesized path analysis was conducted through the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). All the hypotheses were accepted due to the fact that they were statistically significant. The study provides the management of lifelong education centre an insight to develop effective marketing strategies to satisfy that value of potential customers. The findings will also be beneficial to government agencies, policy maker and higher education practitioner by creating insight into adult learner perception and building intentional behaviour to purchase the product. Finally, limitations were discussed and future study direction is proposed.

BACKGROUND: Recently, the frequent occurrence of air pollution greatly affects people’s health. OBJECTIVE: It aims to explore the spatial non-stationarity of PM2.5. METHODS: Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) model is applied to fit spatial structure to linear regression model. The basic principles of GWR model are introduced. Bandwidth of weight function is optimized. Then, health risk of residents in northeast China is appraised according to PM2.5 distribution characteristics. A model for phycological health risk appraisal is established. RESULTS: From the linear analysis between the fitting results by designed GWR model and ground observation, the determination coefficient is 0.7, Relative Accuracy (RA) is 0.62, Mean Prediction Error (MPE) is 25.3, and Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) is 26.2. The model prediction results are superior to those of ordinary multivariate regression model. Moreover, the risk of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases in the elderly is positively correlated with PM2.5 exposure. The illness of the elderly is related to weather factors such as average temperature, air pressure, and relative humidity. CONCLUSIONS: The study provides a reference for the research on risk of illness of people in PM2.5 environment.