Actualmente, existe una falta de categorización en relación al diseño de las tareas de entrenamiento en el fútbol-base, y más concretamente en la categoría sub-19. La herramienta SIATE es un instrumento objetivo y útil para el registro de las tareas, que únicamente ha sido utilizado en una investigación previa en el contexto del fútbol. Por tanto, el objetivo del presente estudio fue analizar y comparar las características pedagógicas de las tareas de entrenamiento diseñadas durante un periodo competitivo de dos meses de duración en categoría sub-19. Se analizaron un total de 114 tareas de entrenamiento repartidas en 17 sesiones durante dos meses, enero (n=9) y febrero (n=8). El instrumento empleado para el análisis de las tareas fue el SIATE, donde se analizaron las siguientes variables pedagógicas: (a) Situación de juego; (b) Presencia de portero; (c) Fase de juego; (d) Tipo de contenido; (e) Medio de iniciación deportiva; (f) Nivel de oposición y (g) Línea de juego. Los resultados muestran en el mes de enero un predominio de juegos reducidos de 6vs6 sin presencia de portero. En cambio, en el segundo mes existen mayoritariamente juegos de 8vs7 y combinados en espacios reducidos sin portero. En cuanto a la comparativa entre meses de entrenamientos, se encuentran diferencias significativas en todas las variables pedagógicas. En conclusión, se encuentra un predominio del uso de juegos reducidos para el desarrollo de las capacidades físico-técnico-tácticas durante las sesiones de entrenamiento, siendo posible su registro de forma objetiva gracias a la herramienta SIATE.
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(1) Background: The use of advanced technology to study the energy demands of sport participants during actual sport competition is an important current research direction. The purpose of this study was to identify the physiological, internal, and external demands placed on basketball referees using ultra-wideband (UWB) technology, in relation to the period of the game. (2) Methods: The sample was comprised of nine international referees, and the data collection took place during the Women’s EuroBasket Sub-16 championship. Internal and external load were assessed through the inertial device WIMU PROTM, using UWB technology in order to quantify the effort exerted by each referee. The internal load was examined in relation to each individual’s heart rate (HR). The external load included the kinematic variables accelerations (Acc), decelerations (Dec), Acc/min, Dec/min, distance covered, steps, maximum speed (Vmax), average speed (Vavg), and speed zones, as well as the neuromuscular variables impacts (Imp), PlayerLoadTM (PLTM), PLTM/min, Metabolic Power (PMet), and PMet/min. (3) Results: The results exposed that referees work around 62% HRmax and spend more than 80% of the match at intensities between 0–12 km/h. The first period was the period in which the greatest work demand was experienced in relation to these neuromuscular outcomes (11.92 PL; 3.61 Met; 277 Impacts). The results revealed a diminishment of internal and external demands on the referees over the course of the game. (4) Conclusions: The results highlight the importance of monitoring and quantifying the workload of basketball officials, because doing so would allow for the establishment of individualized performance profiles that could be designed with the purpose of benefiting referee performance during games. The use of inertial devices allows for the objective quantification of referee workload under competitive circumstances.
The purpose of the present study was to analyze the sex-related differences in beach handball workload. A total sample of 105 handballers (male, n=50; female, n=55) belonging to six U’16 teams, seven U’18 teams and eight senior teams were monitored in the final round of 2018-2019 beach handball tournament celebrated during 3-days congested-fixture design. The external load variables Steps, Jumps, Player Load, Total Impacts (>2G) and Total Impacts per Intensities (very low, 2-4G; low, 4-6G; moderate, 6-8G; high, 8-10G; very high, >10G) through WIMUTM inertial devices. Statistical analysis was composed by t-test and Cohen’s d for anthropometrical variables and by MANOVA and omega partial square for sex and categories related differences. Greater values in male handballers were found in height, weight and age in each categories (U’16: p<0.05; d=0.50-2.26; U’18: p<0.05; d=0.95-2.21; senior: p<0.05; d=1.01-1.99), except in age in U’18 (p=0.97; d=0.01). Respect to external workload, differences were found related to category (p<0.01; ωp²= 0.02-0.05, small) and sex (p<0.01; ωp²= 0.04-0.21, small to high), except in Steps (p=0.47; ωp²= 0.00), finding the greatest sex-related differences in U’16 category. From the differences found in anthropometrical characteristics and external workload, their evaluation during competition allows designing specific training sessions with the purpose of sports performance enhancement in beach handball.
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