The Hippo signaling pathway has been implicated as a conserved regulator of organ size in both Drosophila and mammals. Yes associated protein (YAP), the central component of the Hippo signaling cascade, functions as an oncogene in several malignancies. Ovarian granulosa cell tumors (GCT) are characterized by enlargement of ovary, excess production of estrogen, high frequency of recurrence and potential of malignancy and metastasis. Whether the Hippo pathway plays a role in the pathogenesis of GCT is unknown. This study was conducted to examine the expression of YAP in human adult GCTs and to determine the role of YAP in the proliferation and steroidogenesis of GCT cells. Compared with age-matched normal human ovaries, GCT tissues exhibited higher levels of YAP expression. YAP protein was predominantly expressed in the nucleus of tumor cells, whereas the non-tumor ovarian stromal cells expressed very low levels of YAP. YAP was also expressed in cultured primary human granulosa cells and in KGN and COV434 GCT cell lines. siRNA-mediated knockdown of YAP in KGN cells resulted in a significant reduction in cell proliferation (P<0.001). Conversely, overexpression of wild-type YAP or a constitutively active YAP mutant resulted in a significant increase in KGN cell proliferation and migration. Moreover, YAP knockdown reduced FSH-induced aromatase (CYP19A1) protein expression and estrogen production in KGN cells. These results demonstrate that YAP plays an important role in regulating GCT cell proliferation, migration and steroidogenesis. Targeting the Hippo/YAP pathway may provide a novel therapeutic approach for GCT.

The dynamic changes in mitochondrial membrane potential during right ventricular hypertrophy are chamber-specific, associated with activation of NFAT, and can be pharmacologically reversed leading to improved contractility. This mitochondrial remodeling might provide a framework for development of novel right ventricle-specific therapies.

Adequate AWs were present in nearly all patients. Despite smaller hearts, ischaemic cardiomyopathy patients had adequate AWs. A simple procedure performed as an adjunct to pre-implant echocardiography can screen patients and identify transmitter implant locations for an ultrasound-mediated leadless pacing system.

Objective: This study is conducted to investigate characteristics of patients with xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGP) who undergo nephrectomy and to identify ways to optimise outcomes for these patients. Materials and methods: 1587 patients were queried from our institutional electronic medical records. 12 patients who underwent nephrectomy with preoperative diagnoses of XGP in the operative note were identified. Associations were analysed with Kendall’s τb. p < 0.05 was statistically significant. Results: All patients were hemodynamically stable on day of surgery. Two patients died on postoperative days 1 and 3 from septic shock. Both had surgery during inpatient admission rather than electively, received relatively short duration of preoperative antibiotics (8 and 10 days), and both were on hemodialysis preoperatively. There was possible association between decreased glomerular filtration rate (τb = −0.550, p = 0.032) and death postoperatively. Among patients who lived, there was no significant association between duration of antibiotic therapy after intervention and duration of postoperative hospitalisation. Conclusion: These findings could suggest a possible association between declining renal function and mortality in our case series; and performing nephrectomy electively after a longer course of antibiotics may be associated with improved outcomes compared to nephrectomy performed during hospitalisation with a shorter course of antibiotics. Level of evidence: Level 4

This research targets are to identify and analyze not only the influence of profitability towards firm value but also the ability of both dividend policy and corporate social responsibility disclosure to moderate them on companies which are listed in the consumer goods industry on Indonesian stock exchange (IDX) from 2013 to 2017. There are precisely 39 and 14 enterprises that are utilized as population and sample respectively. This study applies the purposive sampling method to generate samples from the population which had been eliminated by the devoted criteria. Data has been analyzed by using multiple regression and moderation regression analysis. The result delineates that profitability and dividend policy have an insignificant positive effect on firm value, while corporate social responsibility does not affect firm value.

function. A considerable number of females (28-63%) and males (5-77%) experienced abnormal or impaired orgasms. 23-33% of males and 14-84% of females experienced impaired genital sensation. Higher SB lesion levels and hydrocephalus were associated with increased sexual impairment.CONCLUSIONS: The limited literature on sexual dysfunction in adults with SB noted significant male erectile and ejaculatory dysfunction and impaired orgasms and genital sensitivity in both sexes. SBspecific instruments assessing sexual dysfunction are lacking and would improve multidisciplinary care for this population. Ideal instruments would assess the needs of both men and women with SB, be applicable and accessible to patients of varying ages and abilities, and account for differing degrees of SB-related dysfunction of sexual and multiple other organ systems.

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Background: Online health information (OHI) has become widely accessible and affects patient decisions regarding their healthcare. The purpose of this study was to assess the readability, quality, and accuracy of information available to patients online about penile prosthesis implants (PPIs).Methods: We performed a Google search using the keywords "penile implant" and "penile prosthesis." The first 30 search results for both terms were analyzed, and advertisements, news articles, duplicates, and videos were excluded. Websites were categorized as institutional, commercial, and personal/patient support. Readability of each website was determined using the Flesch-Kincaid grade level (FKGL) readability formula within the readable tool. Quality was measured by Health On the Net (HON) certification status and the DISCERN scoring method. For website accuracy, a score of 1-4 (1=0-25%, 2=25-50%, 3=50-75%, and 4=75-100%) was assigned.Results: Forty-four websites met the criteria (23 institutional, 12 commercial, and 9 personal/patient support). The mean total FKGL score was 9.55. No statistical difference was detected between mean FKGL for each website category (p=0.69). Only eight websites (18%) scored ≤8th-grade reading level (average US adult level), while 36 (82%) were >8th-grade level. Mean total DISCERN sum score was 39.74/75, with no statistical difference in mean DISCERN score between website types (p=0.08). Over half (55%) of the websites were defined as "very poor" or "poor" quality by DISCERN scoring. Mean total overall quality rating was 2.67/5. HON certification was verified for only nine websites (20%). Twenty-five percent of websites were classified as 0-25% accurate, 23% were 25-50% accurate, 30% were 50-75% accurate, and 23% were 75-100% accurate.Conclusion: Most information on the Internet about PPIs is reasonably accurate; however, the majority of websites are deficient in quality and unreadable to the average patient, irrespective of website type.