Three new species of saddled hypostomine loricariids are described. According to a recent phylogenetic analysis, these species are members of the genus Peckoltia. The species differ from all described Peckoltia except Peckoltia
furcata and Peckoltia
sabaji by having the dentaries meet at an angle greater than 90°. The species also have similarities to Hemiancistrus, and can be separated from all described species by having dorsal saddles. We discuss the taxonomy of Peckoltia, Hemiancistrus, and allied genera and recognize Ancistomus as valid for Peckoltia
feldbergae, Hemiancistrus
micrommatos, Ancistrus
snethlageae, Hemiancistrus
spilomma, and Hemiancistrus
spinosissimus. We recommend descriptions of genera for several clades of Hemiancistrus and restriction of Hemiancistrus to the type species of the genus, Hemiancistrus
medians. Chaetostomus
macrops is transferred to Pseudancistrus and recognized as a junior synonym of Pseudancistrus
megacephalus. The Hemiancistrus
annectens group of species (Hemiancistrus
annectens, Hemiancistrus
argus, Hypostomus
aspidolepis, Hemiancistrus
fugleri, Hemiancistrus
holostictus, Hemiancistrus
maracaiboensis, Hemiancistrus
panamensis, Hemiancistrus
wilsoni) are recognized in Hypostomus. Multivariate analysis reveals that the newly described species differ from one another in shape space, but overlap broadly with other Peckoltia (Peckoltia
lujani), narrowly with other Peckoltia (Peckoltia
greedoi), or broadly with Etsaputu (Peckoltia
ephippiata).
Peckoltia cavatica is described as a new species and P. braueri is redescribed. Peckoltia cavatica and P. braueri differ from all other Peckoltia by having distal orange bands on the dorsal and caudal fins when alive and by having the plates and bones of the head and nape outlined in black. Peckoltia cavatica is found in the Essequibo River basin, and P. braueri is found in the Takutu River basin. The species differ in that P. cavatica has weaker dorsal saddles, the plates and bones of the head and nape are completely outlined in black (vs. partially outlined in P. braueri), lacks vermiculate lines on the pterotic-supracleithrum, lacks at least one, broken band in the caudal fin, and has wider orange bands.
Baryancistrus demantoides and Hemiancistrus subviridis are two new species of loricariids from southern Venezuela with an olive ground coloration and white to cream-colored or golden-yellow spots. Baryancistrus demantoides is known only from the upper río Orinoco drainage while H. subviridis is also known from the río Casiquiare drainage. In addition to its coloration, B. demantoides can be distinguished from all other ancistrins by having the dorsal and adipose fins connected by an expanded posterior section of the dorsal-fin membrane, golden-yellow spots confined to the anterior portion of the body, and greater than 30 teeth per jaw ramus. Hemiancistrus subviridis can be separated from all other ancistrins by coloration, lacking a connection between the dorsal and adipose fins and having less than 30 teeth per jaw ramus. Baryancistrus demantoides e Hemiancistrus subviridis são duas espécies novas de loricariídeos do sul da Venezuela, de cor de fundo verde-oliva e manchas brancas a creme ou amarelo-douradas. Baryancistrus demantoides é conhecida somente da bacia do rio Orinoco superior, enquanto H. subviridis é também conhecida da bacia do rio Casiquiare. Além da coloração, B. demantoides pode ser distinguido de todos os outros ancistríneos por ter as nadadeiras dorsal e adiposa conectadas por uma secção posterior expandida da membrana da nadadeira dorsal, manchas amarelo-douradas restritas à porção anterior do corpo, e mais de 30 dentes por ramo mandibular. Hemiancistrus subviridis pode ser separado de todos os outros ancistríneos pela falta de uma conecção entre as nadadeiras dorsal e adiposa e por possuir menos de 30 dentes por ramo mandibular
Numerous rivers, interrupted by large waterfalls and extensive rapids, drain the geologically ancient Guiana Shield Highlands. We describe a new armoured catfish genus and two new species endemic to the upper Ireng and Kuribrong rivers, respective tributaries of the Amazon and Essequibo basins in western Guiana. Corymbophanes ameliae sp. nov. is distinguished by having vermiculations on the abdomen, bands on the caudal fin, the anal fin i,5 and narrow caudal peduncle. Yaluwak primus gen. & sp. nov. is distinguished by having evertible cheek odontodes, a plated snout, a tall caudal peduncle and absence of adipose fin and iris operculum. We present a new molecular phylogenetic analysis inclusive of these and several related genera that suggests that the Corymbophanes clade (Araichthys, Corymbophanes, Cryptancistrus, Guianancistrus, Hopliancistrus and Yaluwak) originated in the Guiana Shield with secondary dispersal to the Brazilian Shield. Within the Guiana Shield, relationships among Corymbophanes and Yaluwak are consistent with geodispersal between drainages via headwater capture, although an uplift-mediated relictual distribution cannot be ruled out. ND2 haplotype structure among C. ameliae populations suggests that ichthyofaunal diversity on the Guiana Shield escarpment is shaped not only by inter-, but also intrafluvial barriers to gene flow.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.