The mucoprotein slime coat often found on fish bodies act as defense against invasion by microbes and other environmental dangers. There is an increase in the incidence and emergence of multidrug resistant microbial strains, which has necessitated the need for newer antimicrobial agents. With this background, the aim of this study is therefore, to assess the antimicrobial effects as well as wound healing properties of mucin isolated from a catfish slime coat. Collection, precipitation with 96% absolute acetone, isolation and preparation of the mucilage from the slime coat of a live catfish was performed to obtain the powdered mucilage or catfish mucin (CM). The antimicrobial effect of the CM was evaluated using the agar dilution technique, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were determined against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomona aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumonia, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. The wound healing effect of CM was also studied using wound healing excision model in rats. In addition quantitative biochemical analysis of the constituents of the catfish mucin was also performed using standard procedures. The CM exhibited antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumonia, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli with an MIC value of 3.0, 3.0, 5.0, 6.0 and 6.0 (all in mg/ml) respectively, with no appreciable activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. Biochemical analysis of CM showed the presence of carbohydrates (76.31%), moisture content (10.86%), proteins (7.38%), ash (2.34%), fibre (2.06%) and fats (1.06%) per 100 mg of the mucin. While wound healing study showed that CM reduced wound diameter and increased the rate of epithelialization in the increasing order of 40%, 10% and 20% preparations compared to penicillin G, a standard agent. In conclusion, the catfish mucin, a glycoprotein from the slime coat, exhibited antibacterial activity with bactericidal potentials and possesses wound healing properties.
Background: Candida species (sp) is implicated in causing opportunistic disseminated mycotic complications in stage II HIV patients. Cleistopholis patens is a West African medicinal tree reported to have significant antifungal activity against C. albicans. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the anti-candidal activity of methanolic leaf extract of Cleistopholis patens against Candida species isolated from stage II HIV patients. Methods: The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extract and Nystatin®® was determined by agar dilution method. The killing rate studies of the plant extract and Nystatin® were also determined. Results: The extract had activity against all Candida isolates, with the MIC against the five isolates ranging from 6.0 -9.8 mg/ml. Nystatin® also demonstrated plausible activity against the isolates with MICs ranging from 0.3125 -25 mg/ml. Candida albicans strain 2 was the most sensitive to both extract and Nystatin® with MIC values of 6 and 0.3125 mg/ml respectively. Candida krusei was the least sensitive with MIC values of 9.8 and 25 mg/ml for the extract and Nystatin® respectively. The killing rate values for the extract ranged from -0.029 to -0.091 min -1 and that of Nystatin® ranged from -0.076 to -0.112 16 min
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