Background Many food recalls are related to the presence of undeclared allergens and microorganisms in food products. To reduce these occurrences, portable diagnostic assay kits are available to quantitate mycotoxins, detect allergens and gluten in foods and on environmental surfaces and for sanitation monitoring. Objective This article reviews diagnostic kits that can detect sources of contamination in food and ingredients as well as on surfaces and clean in place (CIP) rinses. Methods Mycotoxins and gluten were detected using lateral flow diagnostic (LFD) assays. Sanitation monitoring of surfaces was completed using a chemiluminescent assay to detect ATP and another assay to detect protein. Results Gluten was detected at 10 ppm in spiked commodities and on wet and dry surfaces at 2.5 µg/100cm2. Deoxynivalenol was quantitated in Dry Distillers Grains plus Solubles (DDGs) and mean results were within two standard deviations (SD) of those determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The chemiluminescent assay had a limit of detection (LOD) of 6 femtomoles of ATP and was able to detect a 1:10,000 dilution of orange juice from surfaces. The protein assay detected 5 µg of BSA directly applied to the sampler, 100 µg of BSA on surfaces, and detected 1:10 dilutions of Greek yogurt and raw beef from surfaces. Conclusions Portable diagnostic kits evaluated in this work provided accurate, rapid and sensitive results for detection of mycotoxins, gluten, proteins, and ATP. These methods can be used in facilities with minimal training and provided results that are important to ensure food safety. Highlights Portable methods to detect gluten, mycotoxins, proteins and ATP are presented.
A Performance Tested MethodSM validation study was conducted for a new lateral flow immunoassay (Reveal®Listeria 2.0) for detection of Listeria spp. in foods and environmental samples. Results of inclusivity testing showed that the test detects all species of Listeria, with the exception of L. grayi. In exclusivity testing conducted under nonselective growth conditions, all non-listeriae tested produced negative Reveal assay results, except for three strains of Lactobacillus spp. However, these lactobacilli are inhibited by the selective Listeria Enrichment Single Step broth enrichment medium used with the Reveal method. Six foods were tested in parallel by the Reveal method and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration/Bacteriological Analytical Manual (FDA/BAM) reference culture procedure. Considering data from both internal and independent laboratory trials, overall sensitivity of the Reveal method relative to that of the FDA/BAM procedure was 101%. Four foods were tested in parallel by the Reveal method and the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Food Safety and Inspection Service (USDA-FSIS) reference culture procedure. Overall sensitivity of the Reveal method relative to that of the USDA-FSIS procedure was 98.2%. There were no statistically significant differences in the number of positives obtained by the Reveal and reference culture procedures in any food trials. In testing of swab or sponge samples from four types of environmental surfaces, sensitivity of Reveal relative to that of the USDA-FSIS reference culture procedure was 127%. For two surface types, differences in the number of positives obtained by the Reveal and reference methods were statistically significant, with more positives by the Reveal method in both cases. Specificity of the Reveal assay was 100%, as there were no unconfirmed positive results obtained in any phase of the testing. Results of ruggedness experiments showed that the Reveal assay is tolerant of modest deviations in test sample volume and device incubation time.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.