Dipo/r~iorii(~rir 1 H y h r u t i o t i / Molt,kiilurnorirriti~~ruri~~ / %~visc~/irriniolrkicIrrrc~ Wf~c,/i,sr/ic,irliirrl~~~,rlThe solutes arc 114 + )-glucose. tris( hydroxymethyl)aminomethane, urea. 4-hydroxypyridine. and three n-amino ;ic~d\ I he complex permittivity of the solutions has been measured in dependence of the frequency between 0.3 G H z and 38 (;I11 ;II 25 c'. b y litting ;it1 appropriate relaxation function to the measured frequency dependence of the permittivity. a subdivision inlo conlrihutioiis 01' t h e \cater influenced by the solute molecules ("hydration water"), of the non-influenced water, and of the solute has hccn perlorined. 1 IyciratIoIi numbers. reorientation times of the hydration molecules and of the solute molecules. and dipole moments 01' I he \olutc molecule> arc presented. C'haracteristic effects of the hydrophobic groups and adjacent hydrophilic (especially hydrogen hond Iorminp) g r o u p 0 1 ~l i c solute o n the hydration water can he seen. The possibility of detecting chemically induced dieloctric relaxation 111 tlic 115 1iicnon \C>IUIIC)II\ is discussed. Molekiilc werden angcgeben. Kennzeichnende Wirkungen der hydrophoben und benachbarten hydrophilcn -in>hcsonderc Wa. hriicken bildenden -Gruppen der gelosten Molekiile auf das Hydratwasser sind ersichtlich. Die Moglichkeit des Nachncises der chcllit\ch bedinglen dieleklrischen Relaxation in den Zwiiterionlijsungen wird behandelt.
Nanometre-sized particles (1–100 nm) have unique properties receiving growing attention in
wide areas of research. Here, a convenient method to deposit size-selected nanoparticles on
surfaces by means of electrospraying colloidal suspensions in the aerosol phase is presented.
We demonstrate the deposition of individual nanoparticles and the feasibility of this
method in seeding gold particles for nanostructure growth. An advantage of the present
method is the easy set-up and operation, using only commercially available machinery and
substances. Problems regarding low deposition rates and colloidal remnants are
approached, e.g. the aerosol flow is examined in a differential mobility analyser. This
method is not material dependent and could be extended to deposit any colloidal particle.
The frequency spectrum of the complex permittivity of methanolic salt solutions has been measured between 0.6 and 38 GHz. Two distinct relaxations arise in this frequency range. The relaxation time of the dominant process is 50 ps or even longer while that of the second process is smaller than 10 ps at 25°C. — The extrapolated static permittivity of the solutions is discussed with respect to the effects of kinetic polarization deficiency and dielectric saturation. Comparison with corresponding data for aqueous solutions shows, that solvation seems to be stronger in methanol than in water. This result is confirmed by the values obtained for the ion‐induced shift in the dielectric relaxation time of the dominant low‐frequency relaxation process.
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