Background: The accuracy of different laboratory tests for diagnosis of diabetes mellitus (DM) and prediabetes (preDM) in populations exposed to tuberculosis (TB) remains poorly understood. Here, we examined the prevalence of DM and preDM in TB affected people in Lima, Peru. Methods: A prospective cohort study of patients affected TB and their household contacts (HHC), was conducted between February and November 2017 in Lima, Peru. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), HbA1c and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were used to detect DM and preDM in a prospective cohort of TB patients (n = 136) and household contacts (n = 138). Diagnostic performance of the laboratory tests was analyzed. Potential effects of sociodemographic and clinical factors on detection of dysglycemia were analyzed. Results: In TB patients, prevalence of DM and preDM was 13.97 and 30.88% respectively. Lower prevalence of both DM (6.52%) and preDM (28.99%) were observed in contacts. FPG, HbA1c and OGTT had poor agreement in detection of preDM in either TB cases or contacts. TB-DM patients had substantially lower hemoglobin levels, which resulted in low accuracy of HbA1c-based diagnosis. Classic sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were not different between TB patients with or without dysglycemia. Conclusion: High prevalence of DM and preDM was found in both TB patients and contacts in Lima. Anemia was strongly associated with TB-DM, which directly affected the diagnostic performance of HbA1c in such population.

Background Tuberculosis (TB) is still one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Genetic studies have pointed to the relevance of the NOD2 and CD14 polymorphic alleles in association with the risk of diseases caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. Methods A systematic review was performed on PubMed, EMBASE, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), and Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (Lilacs) to examine the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and risk of Mtb diseases. Study quality was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Scale (NOQS), and the linkage disequilibrium was calculated for all SNPs using a webtool (Package LDpop). Results Thirteen studies matched the selection criteria. Of those, 9 investigated CD14 SNPs, and 6 reported a significant association between the T allele and TT genotypes of the rs2569190 SNP and increased risk of Mtb diseases. The genotype CC was found to be protective against TB disease. Furthermore, in two studies, the CD14 rs2569191 SNP with the G allele was significantly associated with increased risk of Mtb diseases. Four studies reported data uncovering the relationship between NOD2 SNPs and risk of Mtb diseases, with two reporting significant associations of rs1861759 and rs7194886 and higher risk of Mtb diseases in a Chinese Han population. Paradoxically, minor allele carriers (CG or GG) of rs2066842 and rs2066844 NOD2 SNPs were associated with lower risk of Mtb diseases in African Americans. Conclusions The CD14 rs2569190 and rs2569191 polymorphisms may influence risk of Mtb diseases depending on the allele. Furthermore, there is significant association between NOD2 SNPs rs1861759 and rs7194886 and augmented risk of Mtb diseases, especially in persons of Chinese ethnicity. The referred polymorphisms of CD14 and NOD2 genes likely play an important role in risk of Mtb diseases and pathology and may be affected by ethnicity. Systematic review registration CRD42020186523

To evaluate the accuracy of distinct diabetes mellitus (DM) screening methods in persons with active Tuberculosis PWTB.Levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) at the time of tuberculosis diagnosis at the study clinics were assessed from two distinct retrospective cohorts of PWTB from Brazil (n=116) and Peru (n=136) to evaluate accuracy for detecting pre-DM and DM cases. Additionally, we investigated the association of clinical and sociodemographic factors with tuberculosis and pre-DM or DM in each country.When comparing PWTB from Brazil and Peru, Peruvian individuals presented higher FPG levels at baseline (median [IQR] 91 [81–106 vs 95 [88.4–102.1]]; p=0.02), while those from Brazil had significant higher levels of HbA1c (median [IQR] 6.3 [5.7-7.15] vs 5.1 [4.9-5.4]; p<0.01). Additional analysis using the receiver operating characteristic curve revealed that the markers showed distinct accuracy to identify dysglycemia among PWTB in each country. Our findings indicate that there are significant differences in the total accuracy of the glycemic screening methods evaluated between PWTB from two highly endemic countries from South America, highlighting the need to revisit the diagnostic criteria of DM/PDM in individuals with tuberculosis.

Background: To evaluate the accuracy of distinct diabetes mellitus (DM) screening methods in persons with active Tuberculosis PWTB.Methods: Levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) at the time of tuberculosis diagnosis at the study clinics were assessed from two distinct retrospective cohorts of PWTB from Brazil (n=116) and Peru (n=136) to evaluate accuracy for detecting pre-DM and DM cases. Additionally, we investigated the association of clinical and sociodemographic factors with tuberculosis and pre-DM or DM in each country.Results: When comparing PWTB from Brazil and Peru, Peruvian individuals presented higher FPG levels at baseline (median [IQR] 91 [81–106 vs 95 [88.4–102.1]]; p=0.02), while those from Brazil had significant higher levels of HbA1c (median [IQR] 6.3 [5.7-7.15] vs 5.1 [4.9-5.4]; p<0.01). Additional analysis using the receiver operating characteristic curve revealed that the markers showed distinct accuracy to identify dysglycemia among PWTB in each country. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that there are significant differences in the total accuracy of the glycemic screening methods evaluated between PWTB from two highly endemic countries from South America, highlighting the need to revisit the diagnostic criteria of DM/PDM in individuals with tuberculosis.

A doença de Alzheimer (DA) é a enfermidade neurodegenerativa e progressiva cujo principal sintoma é o déficit na memória. Atualmente, não existe tratamento medicamentoso capaz de aliviar tais pacientes e prolongar a sua independência funcional. Neste cenário, intervenções não farmacológicas mostram-se alternativas apropriadas para a conservação do bem-estar e amusicoterapia é uma alternativa promissora. O presente trabalho objetiva através de uma revisão sistemática, analisar os efeitos obtidos pela intervenção da musicoterapia em pacientes com DA, principalmente no que se refere aos sintomas comportamentais e perda cognitiva. Para isso, realizamos uma pesquisa bibliográfica eletrônica no MEDLINE/PubMed, até o mês de fevereiro de 2020 utilizando os termos: 'Alzheimer's disease' AND 'music therapy' AND 'humans'. Os critérios de inclusão foram: estudos observacionais (coorte, caso controle) e ensaios clínicos randomizados; idiomas: português, inglês eespanhol. Foram excluídos aqueles que utilizaram outras estratégias não farmacológicas em pacientes com DA além da musicoterapia; aqueles artigos cujos participantes apresentavam demência que não DA e para a avaliação da qualidade metodológica dos artigos utilizamos o instrumento Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews. Ao todo a pesquisa bibliográfica nos forneceu 160 artigos dentre os quais oito se adequaram integralmente aos critérios de inclusão e qualidade. Os estudos evidenciaram efeitos benéficos do emprego da musicoterapia como intervenção não farmacológica em pacientes com DA, contribuindo na diminuição dos sintomas psicológicos e comportamentais dos pacientes.

versava sobre a quimioterapia da leucemia mieloide crônica (LMC), cujos procedimentos, antigos e novos, desde a Portaria SAS/MS 346, passaram a concentrar-se inteiramente no subgrupo da Quimioterapia de Controle MANUAL DE BASES TÉCNICAS DA ONCOLOGIA -SISTEMA DE INFORMAÇÕES AMBULATORIAIS Página 6Glândula Lacrimal (Carcinoma); Sistema Linfopoético (Linfoma de Hodgkin e Linfomas não Hodgkin).3) A partir de 2017, a classificação dos tumores malignos passou a ser do American Joint Committee on Cancer, sendo encontrada no AJCC Cancer Staging Manual -Eighth Edition, que ampliou o escopo e os critérios de classificação pelo sistema TNM e inclui os seguintes tumores malignos:

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Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is still one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Genetic studies have pointed to the relevance of the NOD2 and CD14 polymorphic alleles in association with susceptibility or resistance to TB. Methods: A systematic review was performed on search platforms to examine the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and TB risk. Study quality was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Scale (NOQS) Results: Thirteen studies matched the selection criteria. Of those, 9 investigated CD14 SNPs, and 6 reported a significant association between the T allele and TT genotypes of the rs2569190 SNP and increased TB risk. In contrast, the genotype CC was found to be protective against the disease. Furthermore, in two studies, rs2569191 SNP of the CD14, G allele was described to be significantly associated with increased TB risk. Four studies reported data uncovering the relationship between NOD2 SNPs and TB risk, with two of them reporting significant associations of rs1861759 and rs7194886 and higher TB risk in a Chinese Han population. Paradoxically, minor allele carriers (CG or GG) of rs2066842 and rs2066844 NOD2 SNPs were associated with lower TB risk in African Americans. Conclusions: The CD14 rs2569190 and rs2569191 polymorphisms influence TB risk depending on the allele. Furthermore, there is significant association between NOD2 SNPs rs1861759 and rs7194886 and augmented risk of TB, especially in persons with Chinese ethnicity. The referred polymorphisms of CD14 and NOD2 genes likely play an important role in TB susceptibility and physiopathology; such effect may be affected by ethnicity.Systematic review registration: CRD42020186523