Magnetic anomaly detection (MAD) is a passive approach for detection of a ferromagnetic target, and its performance is often limited by external noises. In consideration of one major noise source is the fractal noise (or called 1/f noise) with a power spectral density of 1/fa (0
The giant magneto-impedance (GMI) magnetic sensor based on the amorphous wire has been believed to be tiny dimensions, high sensitivity, quick response, and small power consumption. This kind of sensor is usually working under a bias magnetic field that is called the sensor’s operating point. However, the changes in direction and intensity of the external magnetic field, or the changes in sensing direction and position of the sensor, will lead to fluctuations in operating point when the sensor is working without any magnetic shield. In this work, a GMI sensor based on the operating point self-regulator is designed to overcome the problem. The regulator is based on the compensated feedback control that can maintain the operating point of a GMI sensor in a uniform position. With the regulator, the GMI sensor exhibits a stable sensitivity regardless of the external magnetic field. In comparison with the former work, the developed operating point regulator can improve the accuracy and stability of the operating point and therefore decrease the noise and disturbances that are introduced into the GMI sensor by the previous self-regulation system.
Abstract:Magnetic sensors based on the giant magneto-impedance effect (GMI sensors) have a promising application prospect in the field of magnetic anomaly detection for their high resolution. However, they are highly sensitive to its orientation without any magnetic shielding. A method that automatically adjusts the bias magnetic field to make it always work on its initial value is proposed in order to suppress output instability of GMI sensors caused by the orientation. The analog circuit implementing the method is designed according to the principle of feedback control. The experimental results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method.
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