Ⱥɧɧɨɬɚɰɢɹ ɋɬɚɬɶɹ ɩɨɫɜɹɳɟɧɚ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɢɸ ɪɨɥɢ ɚɤɬɨɪɚ ɜ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɛɚɡɨɜɵɯ ɢ ɷɬɚɥɨɧɧɵɯ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɨɜ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɧɨ-ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɨɜ (ȺɉɄ). Ɋɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɵ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɮɨɪ-ɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɝɨ ɨɛɥɢɤɚ ȺɉɄ ɫ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɣ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɢɧɬɟɪɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ. Ɋɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɵ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ «ɜɪɟɞɧɵɟ» ɢ «ɩɨɥɟɡɧɵɟ» ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ȺɉɄ ɫ ɭɱɺɬɨɦ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ. ɉɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɵ ɜɟɤɬɨɪɧɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɛɚɡɨɜɵɯ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɨɜ, ɩɪɢ-ɜɟɞɟɧɚ ɦɧɨɝɨɦɟɪɧɚɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ, ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɳɚɹ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ ȺɉɄ ɫ ɭɱɺ-ɬɨɦ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɦɧɟɧɢɣ ɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ. ɉɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧ ɩɨɞɯɨɞ ɤ ɨɰɟɧɢɜɚ-ɧɢɸ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɨɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ȺɉɄ ɨɬ ɛɚɡɨɜɵɯ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɪɢɝɨɞɧɨɫɬɢ ȺɉɄ ɫ ɭɱɺɬɨɦ ɫɨɜɨɤɭɩɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɰɟɧɨɤ ɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ. Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ: ɢɧɬɟɪɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ, ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ, ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫ-ɧɨɫɬɶ, ɞɟɮɟɤɬ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɧɨ-ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɚ, ɚɤɬɨɪ, ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ ɩɪɢɧɚɞɥɟɠɧɨɫɬɢ.ɐɢɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ: Ƚɜɨɡɞɟɜ, ȼ.ȿ. ɉɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɟ ɞɟɮɟɤɬɨɜ ɧɚ ɪɚɧɧɢɯ ɫɬɚɞɢɹɯ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɚɩɩɚ-ɪɚɬɧɨ-ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɨɜ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɢɧɬɟɪɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ / ȼ.ȿ. Ƚɜɨɡɞɟɜ, Ⱦ.ȼ. Ȼɥɢɧɨɜɚ, Ʌ.Ɋ. ɑɟɪɧɹɯɨɜɫɤɚɹ // Ɉɧɬɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ. -2016- . -Ɍ. 6, ʋ4(22). -ɋ. 452-464. -DOI: 10.18287/2223- -9537-2016 ȼɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ȼɫɺ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɚɸɳɚɹ ɪɨɥɶ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧ-ɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɢɥɚ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɭɱɧɵɯ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨ-ɜɚɧɢɣ ɢ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɤɥɚɞɧɵɯ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ -ɞɟɮɟɤɬɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɧɨ-ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɵɯ ɤɨɦ-ɩɥɟɤɫɨɜ (ȺɉɄ) [1][2][3][4]. Ʉ ɱɢɫɥɭ ɨɩɨɪɧɵɯ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ «ɤɚɱɟ-ɫɬɜɨ» ɢ «ɫɢɦɩɬɨɦɵ ɞɟɮɟɤɬɨɜ» (ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɨɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɢ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ ɨɬ ɛɚɡɨɜɵɯ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚ).ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɨɜ ɤ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɭ ɫɢɦɩɬɨɦɨɜ ɞɟɮɟɤɬɨɜ ɜɵɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɟɦ, ɱɬɨ ɷɬɨ ɫɨɡɞɚɺɬ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɛɚɡɢɫ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɢɹ ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɣ, ɜɨ-ɩɟɪɜɵɯ, ɨ ɞɟɣ-ɫɬɜɢɹɯ ɩɨ ɥɨɤɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɭɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɸ ɞɟɮɟɤɬɨɜ ɢ, ɜɨ-ɜɬɨɪɵɯ, ɨɛ ɨɛɴɺɦɚɯ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɨɜ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɜɵɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɞɥɹ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɞɟɮɟɤɬɨɜ ɞɨ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ, ɩɪɢɟɦɥɟɦɨɝɨ ɫ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɟɥɹ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ [5].ɉɨɧɹɬɢɟ «ɞɟɮɟɤɬ» ɧɟɪɚɡɪɵɜɧɨ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɨ ɫ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɟɦ «ɛɚɡɨɜɵɣ ɨɛɪɚɡɟɰ» [6], «ɷɬɚɥɨɧɧɵɣ ɨɛɪɚɡɟɰ». ɗɬɨ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɬɟɦ, ɱɬɨ ɨ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɞɟɮɟɤɬɚ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɝɨɜɨɪɢɬɶ ɥɢɲɶ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɫɥɭ-ɱɚɟ, ɟɫɥɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɵ «ɛɚɡɨɜɵɟ», ɥɢɛɨ «ɷɬɚɥɨɧɧɵɟ» ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ.Ɉɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɦ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɢɟ ɜ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹɯ «ɛɚɡɨɜɵɟ» ɢ «ɷɬɚɥɨɧɧɵɟ» ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ. Ȼɚɡɨɜɵɟ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚɦ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɣ, ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɦ ɜ ɨɮɢɰɢ-ɚɥɶɧɨ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɺɧɧɵɯ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɯ [6]. ɗɬɚɥɨɧɧɵɟ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɦɭ Ɉɧɬɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɨɦ ʋ4(22) ȼȿ Ƚɜɨɡɞɟɜ Ⱦȼ Ȼɥɢɧɨɜɚ ɅɊ ɑɟɪɧɹɯɨɜɫɤɚɹ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɨ ɠɟɥɚɟɦɵɯ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚɯ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɹ, ɧɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɤɚɤɢɯ-ɥɢɛɨ ɨɮɢɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɯ.Ɉɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɯ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɣ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɨɦ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ: ɛɚɡɨɜɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɚ; ɛɚɡɨɜɵɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚ, ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ; ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɵɯ ɨɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɣ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣ ɨɬ ɛɚɡɨɜɵɯ [7]. ɗɬɨ, ɜ ɫɜɨɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ, ɫɨɡɞɚɺɬ ɨɫɧɨɜɭ ɧɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɪɭɞɨɺɦɤɨɫɬɢ ɦɟɪɨɩɪɢɹɬɢɣ, ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚ ɭɦ...
Data processing systems are considered not only as components of the information structure, but also as an integral component of modern society. This allows to coordinate approaches for defect management of data processing systems with approaches used in managing social systems. The main attention is paid to the defects of the data processing systems that arise at the pre-project stage, caused by lack of uniform understanding of the problem situation by the actors, involved in resolving the problem situation. On the basis of the provisions of evergetics and the theory of intersubjective management a class of defects is allocated, arising due to violation of co-evolution between the states of external to the data processing systems environment and the properties of the system. The structuration of the process, corresponding to a pre-design stage was carried out, result of which is the specification of user’s requirements of data processing systems. Key factors of defects occurrence are allocated. The novelty of the approaches described in the paper is in considering from the positions of the evergetics the role of specification of user requirements as a "bridge" between the "life world" and the "world of systems".
This article is a research of current aspects of the functioning at the present stage of joint stock companies. The article defines the term of a joint-stock company, highlights and analyzes the features that are inherent in such model of companies. The general moments of legislative regulation of activity of joint-stock companies in Ukraine are characterized. This work also highlights the main advantage of joint stock companies over other types of companies. The article also provides an analysis of the number of joint stock companies in Ukraine, the tendency of their further development. The comparison of private and public joint-stock companies is carried out, the reasons of transition of companies with a joint-stock form of management to limited liability companies are analyzed. The state of the current process of making changes in the legal framework of regulation is also clarified, the latest normative innovations in this area are considered. Particular attention was paid to the problems of functioning of public joint stock companies, their main disadvantages were noted. The article considers propositions for optimizing their functioning. Ways and methods of their solution are offered. According to the results of the research, the information summarized, which describe the current status of public joint stock companies, the prospects of their development reflected, ideas for improving the mechanism of their operation and options for solving problems that, one way or another, hinder their development highlighted.
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