Taiwan has actively promoted the strategy of energy efficiency for all companies and organizations. The government has set a target of energy efficiency of 33% by 2025. This research applied DEA malmquist index to assess technical efficiency, and to reveal trends of productivity change in Taiwan energy companies. The DEA malmquist index is a distinguished research method using to measures productivity change over time period. The proposed method can be decomposed into two components, technical change and technological change. A panel data was collected from Taiwan Stock Exchange Market recorded 2008-2011. The research was illustrated with financial data of selected companies, and their productivity was carefully analyzed. The empirical results showed that the technical efficiency of five energy companies performed efficiently with the highest score of 1.000. An average technical efficiency score was pretty high with 0.938. Moreover, trend in productivity change regressed due lack of technological improvement.

Research have reported that one of the challenges faced by non-native English writers to have their research articles (RAs) accepted by English-medium journals is to fulfill the journals’ expectations in terms of linguistic aspect. In addition, non-native English writers seem to be having the problem in expressing their authorial identity which is needed to build one’s academic arguments. Therefore, this research was conducted to 1) explore whether linguistic disadvantage exists among native English writers or Thai writers in international publication, and 2) discover how the native English and Thai writers assert their identities through different rhetorical purposes of RAs. Eight university lecturers in Applied Linguistics (AL) from a few universities in Thailand were interviewed  to understand  their  views on the issues of  writing  for scholarly  publication  in  the  English  language. The findings revealed two salient emerging themes:  (1) the role of linguistic disadvantage and (2) variation in authorial identity between native English and Thai writers. The study has found that linguistic disadvantage exists among the Thai writers. The native English writers expressed their authorial identity overtly but the Thai writers deferred their authorial identity. It is suggested that teachers in Thailand emphasize more on the knowledge of linguistic aspect required in international publication and the effective use of linguistic realization of authorial identity in academic writing.

The establishment of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) is a major milestone for Southeast Asia. This establishment offers enormous opportunities, in terms of regional labour markets and economic integration of a market with a large value of about US$2.6 trillion and over 622 million people. This research aims to study the characteristics of the "smart farmers" in the upper northern provinces of Thailand and to analyse their perceptions towards the AEC. The study's primary data were randomly collected from 400 questionnaires given out in nine provinces. The main research method was the logit model with maximum-likelihood estimation (MLE) that was theoretically applied. The results revealed that most responders were male (89%), 51-60 years old (62%), with a Grade 4 elementary school level (58%). The percentage of the sample who owned less than ten rai (approximately 40 acres) and earned 100,001-250,000 Thai baht as income per year was 46% and 30%, respectively. The study found that the factors of their participation in seminars about agriculture and their knowledge enquiry had influenced their perceptions and awareness of the AEC (with a 95% reliability score). Furthermore, their follow-up of marketing news was positively related to the potential of their perceptions and awareness of the AEC (with a 99% reliability score). The forecasting accuracy formula was more accurate than 88%. This research suggested that knowledge about the AEC should be distributed, especially to the agricultural village leaders and farmers, through the media of wire broadcasting and knowledge-sharing meetings in each village. Moreover, development of innovations to help enhance their knowledge about the AEC should be increased.

The objectives of the research is to study and analyze Academic Word List (AWL), which appeared in the corpus of sport tourism news wordlists collected from international online news. The framework of this study was based on Coxhead's (2000) 570-Academic Word List (AWL). A corpus of 112,623 running words taken from the international online news, against the AWL of 570 words by using the Concordance Program, AntWordProfiler, for comparing the vocabulary load of the corpus of sport tourism news and AWL. The data were analyzed and displayed as percentages and frequencies. The results revealed that words in the AWL covered 7.38 % of the total words in the corpus. Findings also revealed that some of the words found in the present study were not found in Coxhead's AWL. This suggests that vocabulary needs of students in sport or tourism are characteristically different from those of students in other disciplines. The findings indicate the usefulness of AWL for sport learners and suggest the need to produce field-specific word lists embracing all frequent academic vocabulary items necessary for the expression of the rhetoric of the specific discipline. The Sport Tourism News wordlists can guide instructors to prepare the sport or tourism students in setting their vocabulary learning goals.