Background/Aim: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a very common disease in older men. BPH involves the presence of signs of hyperplasia of the stromal and epithelial elements in the prostate with consequent enlargement of its volume. The aim of this study is to analyse the frequency of typical complications in the treatment of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and the effect of medicamentous treatment. Method: Patients diagnosed BPH were included in the prospective, one-year study. They were divided into 2 groups. The first group (30 patients) consisted of those ones, whose prostate volume was equal to or over 50 cm 3 , while and the second group (30 patients) comprised the subjects with prostate volume less than 50 cm 3 . The complications of BHP analysed are residual urine (RU), symptomatic urinary infection, haematuria, thickening of the detrusor wall, diverticulum in the bladder, ureterohydronephrosis, renal failure, bladder stone and acute urinary retention (AUR). Results: The majority of patients in both groups were aged 60-69. There was a statistically significant difference in the average value of RU between the groups at the first, second and fifth check-ups (p < 0.05), as well as the complication of symptomatic urinary infection, since the same occurred earlier in the first group than in the second group (p < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in complications: haematuria, detrusor wall thickening and diverticulum (p > 0.05). Complications: ureterohydronephrosis, renal failure, bladder stone, and AUR were not diagnosed in patients in either group. Conclusion: Relevant medical therapy leads to a reduction of RU and reduces the risk of complications caused by its presence. Other complications of BPH were rare or absent in both groups, suggesting that appropriate and timely applied medical therapy affects the course of BPH and reduces the risk of complications and the need for surgical treatment. Benefit from medicamentous therapy is equally represented in both analysed groups of patients.
There was found a statistical significant difference in terms of choice of methods of operative treatment for the significantly higher number of operations on the scalp operated with cutaneous transplants. It was confirmed that the localization of the tumors on the scalp, and then on the nose are with the highest incidence of the relapse, whereas the postoperative defacement is mostly on the scalp after skin graft placement. Key
Introduction:Timely diagnosis is a prerequisite for the successful treatment of malignant skin tumors. Late diagnosis leads a patient into a situation of losing valuable time and chance for cure.Material and methods:A prospective study was conducted from February 2006 until August 2011 which analyzed the reasons that led to establishing the diagnosis of malignant skin tumors in 220 patients. Patients were divided into two groups: Group A (102 patients), patients with diagnosed melanoma, and group B (118 patients) of patients suffering from basocellular (BCC) and planocellular cell (PCC) skin cancer. Parameters for comparison of analysis results were the reasons for coming to examination and reasons for not coming to the examination, because of which skin cancers were not diagnosed in time.Goal:To determine the factors that influences the establishment of late diagnosis and treatment of skin tumors.Results:It was confirmed that the prejudices of patients that tumors of the skin „should not be operated because it is dangerous“ is the main reason for late diagnosis. At the same time it is confirmed that the belief that it is unnecessary to operate congenital changes of the skin is the second most important reason for delayed diagnosis of malignant skin tumors.
Aim: The aim of this article is to determine the possible correlation between the smoking habit and the incidence of basocellular skin cancer (BCC). Patients and methods: The prospective study, which lasted from June 2012 to June 2018, included subjects diagnosed with basocellular skin cancer (BCC). Respondents were divided into 3 groups. The first, group A (21 respondents), are respondents who smoke 20-35 cigarettes a day. The second, group B (19 respondents), consists of respondents who smoke 35-50 cigarettes a day. The third, group C (91 respondents), consist of non-smokers. Observed parameters are sex, age, current and previous smoking habits, including duration (total smoking year) and intensity (average number of cigarettes smoked per day), age at the start of smoking, and prolonged exposure to the sun. Results: No statistically significant relationship was found between smoking and BCC frequency. It was shown that with BCC of the skin was more affected those who did not smoke. There is no clear relationship between the duration of smoking and/or the amount of smoking and the development of BCC, and it follows that this relationship is not likely to be causative. A suggestive, but not significant, evidence of relationship between smoking and skin cancer is found at this time. Conclusion: Since it is a conglomerate of possible etiological factors, further research is needed to definitively clarify the effect of tobacco consumption on the development of BCC by monitoring a larger number of respondents over a longer period of time in large prospective studies. In any case, a possible association with skin cancer is a reason to avoid smoking.
Advances in the development of neuromarketing research methods and techniques, over the past two decades, have enabled their application not only for scientific purposes, but also for commercial purposes of researching consumer behavior. This paper will review various methods and techniques of neuromarketing research, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of using these, for the purpose of consumer behavior research. As a research part of the paper, combined laboratory neuromarketing research (EEG and eye tracking) was conducted, that examined implicit attitudes of consumers (attention and emotions, in real time, from second to second), whose goal was to examine how consumers react implicitly to different marketing stimuli (TV commercials for Coca Cola and Pepsi Cola brands). The research additionally examined whether there is an overlap of conscious consumer attitudes, collected by the research method through a questionnaire, with the results of the combined neuromarketing research. The research found that the tested marketing stimuli have a positive impact on the implicit positioning of tested FMCG brands. In addition, by comparative analysis of explicit and implicit consumer attitudes, it was found that there is agreement between them. Finally, the research found that neuromarketing research has the potential to improve marketing communication (tested TV commercials), and thus the positioning of FMCG brands.
Leser-Trélat (LT) sign (syndrome) is a rare, distinctive clinical phenomenon that is manifested by a sudden, eruptive, appearance of multiple itchy seborrheic keratoses (SK) that sometimes coincide with occult malignancy. A 73-year-old patient came for examination of numerous, large seborrheic keratoses (SK) on the skin. According to the patient's statement, SK did not occur suddenly and "eruptively". Nevertheless, ultrasound and endoscopic evaluation were suggested to the patient to exclude the Leser-Trélat phenomenon. The patient was then diagnosed with an occult, asymptomatic rectal neoplasm. The occurrence of numerous seborrheic keratoses (especially if they are "eruptive", large and bizarre in shape), should raise suspicion of LT phenomenon, or internal malignancy in the patient, and result in relevant diagnostic procedures to detect possible latent malignancy. It would be wise for the doctors of all disciplines to be acquainted with the existence of the LT sign (syndrome) and possible clinical implications of it.
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