The goal of the work was to analyse the positions of the selected Polish political parties about the European Union climate policy and to assess whether and to what extent the process of Europeanization is taking place in Poland. Climate change negatively influences economic growth: it affects food security and limits industrial output and economic development. It reduces labour productivity and influences international trade. The scope of this impact will depend on political decisions and the effectiveness of climate protection measures taken by individual governments. The negative attitude of political parties to climate policy may make it challenging to undertake the necessary adaptation and mitigation measures, even despite changes in social perception in this regard.
The aim of this work is to identify social constraints on the preservation and sustainable development of traditional crafts in a developed society and to propose a sociological model of possible actions and changes considering not only the situation of a craftsman, but also the potential consumers of goods produced by craftsmen using traditional techniques and designs. We argue that effective activities aimed at preserving and developing traditional skills and products must consider changes in the social environment of the craftsman, including changes in the potential consumer, a change in the meaning of products from purely instrumental to autotelic motivations related to the pro-ecological approach, local and national identity, and positive valuation of cultural diversity.
We współczesnym świecie rośnie znaczenie innowacji społecznych w kontekście poszukiwania rozwiązań stanowiących odpowiedź na bieżące wyzwania społeczne czy dotyczące zrównoważonego rozwoju. Nie jest możliwe ich skuteczne projektowanie oraz wdrażanie bez zaangażowania interesariuszy. Stąd, celem niniejszego opracowania jest analiza możliwych rozwiązań z zakresu wyłaniania oraz angażowania interesariuszy w innowacje społeczne. Praca bazuje na przeglądzie literatury polskiej i zagranicznej oraz wykorzystuje dostępne narzędzia mapowania i angażowania interesariuszy. W wyniku rozważań wykazano, że współpraca z interesariuszami jest istotnym elementem rozwijania innowacji społecznych, pozwalającym lepiej zrozumieć istotę wyzwań, potrzeby beneficjentów oraz wpływającym na łatwiejszy dostęp do ważnych zasobów.
Non-governmental organisations are defined as the institutional dimension of civil society. They perform many numerous and important functions while influencing the development of social capital. From this perspective, it is important to understand how their mutual relations are shaped and how cooperation and competition are presented from the theoretical perspective. The article reviews theories about the relationship between NGOs. In relation to the theoretical assumptions, an analysis of data from reports on the situation of NGOs in Poland was carried out.
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