No abstract

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a critical situation since 2020. Its outbreak occurs across the world. A national policy is to promote self-protection behavior including hand wash, wearing mask, and physical distancing. However, evidence on determinants of the behavior in Thai people is limited. This study aimed to identify determinants of COVID-19 self-protection behavior in Thai people.Design and Method: A cross-sectional survey was undertaken in January 2021. An online questionnaire was developed under the Health Belief Model (HBM). Participants who often or always behave COVID-19 self-protection was considered as proper self-protection behavior. Data was collected through social medias.Results: A total of 408 participants was included. Of those, 92 participants (22.5%) were male with the average age of 32.3±11.5 years. A total of 158 participants (38.7%) has proper self-protection behavior. Based on HBM, perceived threat [odds ratio (OR)=1.40, 95%CI 1.01-1.92], perceived barriers (OR=0.51, 95%CI; 0.36-0.71), and perceived self-efficacy (OR=6.77, 95%CI; 3.60-12.72) were significantly associated with self-protection behavior.Conclusion: One-third of participants have proper COVID-19 self-protection behavior. Perceived selfefficacy is the strongest determinant of COVID-19 self-protection behavior followed by perceived threat and perceived barriers.

The high number of residents in urban areas accompanied by an increase in motor vehicle users can be a trigger for increasing concentrations of Carbon monoxide emissions. The purpose of this monitoring activity is as follows, namely to obtain air quality data / information on CO (carbon monoxide) parameters as a basis for comparing the air quality of CO parameters before and after the CSR (corporate social responsibility) Program Asri Wall which is then analyzed based on the Air Pollution Standard Pollution Index (ISPU). Air quality monitoring is carried out in three locations of Intervention CSR Program which has the potential to cause air pollution, especially carbon monoxide (CO) gas impact on public health. The results of air quality monitoring showed the average value of CO concentrations during / before the implementation of the CSR Wall Asri program was higher, compared to after the implementation of the CSR program. The Value Analysis of the Air Pollution Standard Index (ISPU) during / before the implementation of the CSR program is more dangerous to health and is categorized as Very Unhealthy, while the ISPU value after the implementation of this CSR Program has decreased in value and is in the Unhealthy category. Therefore, it can be concluded that the air quality at the CSR Program Intervention Location experienced an improvement in air quality after the implementation of the Asri CSR Program.