The Fourth Industrial Revolution is opening up new opportunities and challenges for all industries, professions, and fields, aiming to bring humanity more optimal tools and services. During the Fourth Industrial Revolution, digital transformation has been one of the most critical problems. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT) are two technologies that have the potential to cause the biggest breakout to evolve in the educational domain. In recent years, digital transformation has seen implementation across all sectors, including education, healthcare, agriculture, transportation, and other smart ecosystems. Among those areas, education, especially higher education, is among the most challenging due to the diversity in training programs, duration, and subjects. The Internet of Things makes it possible to create smart and ubiquitous learning environments, while artificial intelligence can completely transform the way we learn and teach. In this paper, we present the digital transformation process in higher education in Vietnam and internationally and analyze some characteristics of Vietnamese higher education in the digital transformation process. Moreover, we present the vision, approach, and challenges to digital transformation at universities of low- and middle-income countries from the perspective of the Hung Yen University of Technology and Education in Vietnam.
The mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) is a special mobile network that has self-configuration and self-establish abilities to communicate conveniently. MANET is forming mobile devices such as mobile phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), laptops, etc. As a result of the rapid, flexibility, and facilitate in communication, nowadays, MANET has revolutionized many real-life applications, ranging from smart agriculture and smart cities to forest fire detection systems, and expected to have vital contributions into the future of the Internet. However, due to the mobile nature of network nodes combined with the network architecture that without relying on central devices pre-installed such as base stations, the high-performance routing problem is one of the most significant challenges in the MANET environment. In this study, we propose a highperformance routing protocol, namely agent-based ad-hoc on-demand distance vector (A-AODV), to select the optimal route with high throughput and low latency. Through the developed routing algorithm, we explain how the suitable route with the lowest cost based on agents. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed protocol, we compared A-AODV's performance with two well-known traditional protocols on NS2. Simulation results show that A-AODV improves superior performance over the traditional protocols.
This paper presents a modification of a well-known routing protocol, namely Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector, as a solution to improve the performance of mobile ad hoc networks. We adapted the mobile agent technology as to novel metrics for routing in those networks. The metric is a function of the loss rate, the bandwidth and the end-to-end delay of the link. Indeed, we established a new tunable parameter to obtain a tradeoff between throughput and delay when computing the new metric. As a result, any routing protocol using this metric can al-ways choose a high-throughput and low-delay path between a source and a destination. Hence, the achievable performance of the mobile ad hoc networks has been improved remarkably with our modified routing protocol,
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