Oxidative stress refers to an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and body’s capability to detoxify the reactive mediators or to fix the relating damage. MicroRNAs are considered to be important mediators that play essential roles in the regulation of diverse aspects of carcinogenesis. Growing studies have demonstrated that the ROS can regulate microRNA biogenesis and expression mainly through modulating biogenesis course, transcription factors, and epigenetic changes. On the other hand, microRNAs may in turn modulate the redox signaling pathways, altering their integrity, stability, and functionality, thus contributing to the pathogenesis of multiple diseases. Both ROS and microRNAs have been identified to be important regulators and potential therapeutic targets in cancers. However, the information about the interplay between oxidative stress and microRNA regulation is still limited. The present review is aimed at summarizing the current understanding of molecular crosstalk between microRNAs and the generation of ROS in the pathogenesis of cancer.

IntroductionApproximately 30% of patients diagnosed with stage Ia-b NSCLC die of recurrent disease after surgery. This study aimed to identify immune-related biomarkers that might predict tumor recurrence in stage Ia-b NSCLC within 40 months after curative resection.MethodsGene expression data of stage Ia-b NSCLC samples was retrieved from the TCGA database, the GEO databases, and the Second Xiangya hospital (XXEYY) database. 22 types of tumors infiltrating immune cells and the expression of immune-associated genes were investigated using CIBERSORT, immunohistochemical staining, and GSEA analyses in a total of 450 patients (80 in the training cohort and 370 in the validation cohorts). Recurrence-related immune features were selected based on the LASSO Cox regression model.ResultsHigh density of Tregs, Macrophages M0 and M1 cell could be observed in recurrence group while the memory B cell was more frequently enriched in controls, yet Tregs alone was significantly associated with tumor early recurrence in TCGA cohort, XYEYY cohort and GSE37745 dataset. A handful of immune-related genes were identified in the recurrence group. Based on Lasso regression analysis, the expressions of five immune-related genes, RLTPR, SLFN13, MIR4500HG, HYDIN and TPRG1 were closely correlated with tumor early recurrence. In the training cohort (TCGA), the combination of these five genes has sensitivity and specificity of 85% and 85%, with AUC of 0.91 (95% CI 0.84-0.98) for lung cancer early recurrence prediction, whereas in validation cohorts, the sensitivity and specificity using this panel was 61-89% and 54-82%, with AUC of 0.62-0.84.ConclusionOur study demonstrated that the immune microenvironment signatures were closely related to tumor early recurrence. Compared to tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, the expression of five immune-related genes could be robust biomarkers to predict early recurrence of stage Ia-b NSCLC after curative resection.

Background Diagnosing and treating synchronous multiple primary lung cancers (sMPLC) are complex and challenging. This study aimed to report real‐world data on the comprehensive diagnosis and treatment of patients with early‐stage sMPLC. Materials and Methods A single‐center cohort study was carried out and a large number of patients with early‐stage sMPLC were included. A single‐ or two‐stage surgery was performed to remove the primary and co‐existing lesions. The “X” strategies, including ablation, SBRT, and EGFR‐TKIs treatment, were applied to treat the high‐risk residual lesions. Wide panel‐genomic sequencing was performed to assess the genetic heterogeneity of the co‐existing lesions. Results A total of 465 early‐stage sMPLC patients with 1198 resected lesions were included. Despite most patients being histologically different or harboring different genetic alternations, about 7.5% of the patients had the same histological type and driver gene mutation changes, comprehensive re‐evaluation is thus needed. The “Surgery + X” strategy showed remarkable efficacy and safety in treating multiple lesions. Follow‐up data revealed that the T2 stage (p = 0.014) and the solid presence of a primary lesion (p < 0.001) were significantly related to tumor recurrence. And a T2‐stage primary tumor had a significantly higher rate of developing new lesions after the initial surgery (p < 0.001). Conclusions In real‐world practice, histopathological and radiological evaluation combined with genetic analyses could be a robust diagnostic approach for sMPLC. The “Surgery + X” treatment strategy showed remarkable efficacy, superiority, and safety in the clinical treatment of early‐stage sMPLC.

Virtual brand community is developed based on network technology and has become the theoretical and academic research focus. Interaction in the virtual brand community has a major impact on customer loyalty. This paper studied the impact mechanism on the impacts of the network interaction in virtual community on customer loyalty. The results revealed that the different dimensions, including the two-way communication, customer participation and cooperation of interaction in virtual brand community, have a significant positive relationship with customer perceived value. Then, customer perceived value positively affected trust and customer loyalty and trust had a significant positive impact on customer loyalty.