10. Resumo da análise da variância do efeito dos tratamentos sbbre os diêmetros longitudinais e transversais médios de maracujá, ao longo de

Cerca de 1330 nomes tupis de animais (incluindo as variantes) foram registrados por autores europeus durante o século XVI. Os trechos a eles referentes, de cada autor, são transcritos e os nomes identificados tanto quanto possível. Apresenta-se também um catálogo das espécies tornadas conhecidas nessa época.

Apresenta-se um breve panorama das principais teorias biogeográficas, mostrando como o conhecimento acumulado por naturalistas viajantes foi responsável por seu teste e eventual rejeição. Enfatiza-se a importância de se conhecerem os relatos dos antigos viajantes e naturalistas, para avaliar o quão severa foi a ação antrópica sobre a distribuição geográfica de alguns grupos de vertebrados.

Rhamnolipids (RMLs) have more effectiveness for specific uses according to their homologue proportions. Thus, the novelty of this work was to compare mono‐RMLs and di‐RMLs physicochemical properties on microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR) applications. For this, RML produced by three strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa containing different homologues proportion were used: a mainly mono‐RMLs producer (mono‐RMLs); a mainly di‐RMLs producer (di‐RMLs), and the other one that produces relatively balanced amounts of mono‐RML and di‐RML homologues (mono/di‐RML). For mono‐RML, the most abundant molecules were Rha‐C10C10 (m/z 503.3), for di‐RML were RhaRha‐C10C10 (m/z 649.4) and for Mono/di‐RML were Rha‐C10C10 (m/z 503.3) and RhaRha‐C10C10 (m/z 649.4). All RMLs types presented robustness under high temperature and variation of salinity and pH, and high ability for oil displacement, foam stability, wettability reversal and were classified as safe for environment according to the European Union Directive No. 67/548/EEC. For all these properties, it was observed a highlight for mono‐RML. Mono‐RML presented the lowest surface tension (26.40 mN/m), interfacial tension (1.14 mN/m), and critical micellar concentration (CMC 27.04 mg/L), the highest emulsification index (EI24 100%) and the best wettability reversal (100% with 25 ppm). In addition, mono‐RML showed the best acute toxicity value (454 mg/L), making its application potential even more attractive. Based on the results, it was concluded that all RMLs homologues studied have potential for MEOR applications. However, results showed that mono‐RML stood out and have the best mechanism of oil incorporation in micelles due their most effective surface‐active physicochemical features.

Some historical notes about the ideas of the reproduction of necrophagous blowflies are presented, including Homer's Iliad, Ancient Egypt and Near East, the Persian

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mission of Jesuits destined to the State of Grão-Pará and Maranhão. He received the sacred orders in Maranhão (São Luís) on 15 August 1745, afterwards acting as a missionary in the Tapajós river and as a teacher of philosophy and theology in the Company's college. Due to a Decreee of the Marquis of Pombal, determining the expulsion of the jesuits from the State of Grão-Pará, he was deported to Portugal on 28 November 1757, being incarcerated in the Fortress of Almeida, where he would die (1760 or 1761). Among the papers that were confiscated from him by the Portuguese authorities, was included a small essay about the natural products of Pará, consisting of 12 unnumbered folios, mostly dedicated to the vertebrates of that region. Now deposited in the archives of the Torre do Tombo, in Lisbon, this manuscript deals with at least 108 distinct animals (26 mammals, 46 birds, 15 reptiles, 20 fishes and one scorpion), a not at all negligible quantity, classified as "quadrupeds" (29 species), "fishes and marine animals" (14 species), "birds (46 species) and "snakes and poisonous animals" (9 species). Although his descriptions are frequently precarious, incorporating inaccurate information just from hearsay, the text is notwithsdanding extremely relevant by the passages dedicated to the biology, distribution and abundance of the animals mentioned, their use in local manufactures and importance as food or in popular medicine, constituting one of the few known documents written in Portuguese dealing with the Brazilian fauna in the 18 th century.

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