The influence on cylinder head temperatures of parameters such as cylinder head material, coolant composition, pressure, temperature and velocity was investigated. Each of these parameters was systematically varied and its influence on combustion chamber wall temperature measured. Good agreement is shown between the measured oalues and corresponding predictions from a heat transfer model incorporating forced-convective, sub-cooled, nucleate boiling. The results suggest that nucleate boiling can play an important role in the transfer of heatfrom cylinder head to coolant. B
As space exploration objectives extend human presence beyond low Earth orbit, the solutions to technological challenges presented by supporting human life in the hostile space environment must build upon experience gained during past and present crewed space exploration programs. These programs and the cabin atmosphere revitalization process technologies and systems developed for them represent the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) past and present operational knowledge base for maintaining a safe, comfortable environment for the crew. The contributions of these programs to the NASA's technological and operational working knowledge base as well as key strengths and weaknesses to be overcome are discussed. Areas for technological development to address challenges inherent with the Vision for Space Exploration (VSE) are presented and a plan for their development employing unit operations principles is summarized.
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