On the basis of archival materials and special historical literature, land-legal relations among the Nogais in the second half of the 19th — early 20th centuries are considered. The relevance of the problem stated in the article lies in the fact that land and legal relations among the Nogais of the region are poorly understood. The ways of implementing the agrarian policy of the Russian government in the Eastern Ciscaucasia are described on the example of the Nogais. It is argued that administrative pressure occupied a prominent place among the methods of influencing the nomadic population. It is noted that at the same time, financial assistance played a significant role in attracting nomadic Nogais to a settled way of life. It is clarified that finances played a role in attracting the poor population to change their lifestyle. It is concluded that, despite the difficulties, the agrarian reform in the territory of the plain Ciscaucasia predetermined the transition of a significant part of the representatives of the Nogai community to settled agriculture and animal husbandry. It is emphasized that in the course of the agrarian reform the Nogai community has undergone a significant transformation. It is noted that a smaller part of the Nogai society still retained a nomadic lifestyle, but for short distances.
Based on an analysis of archival documents and periodical press materials, the present paper studies the impact of the liberal reforms of Alexander II on the policies of the imperial authorities for the nomadic peoples of the steppe of Ciscaucasia: the Kalmyks, Nogais and Turkmens. The liberal reforms of the 1860s and 1870s had a direct impact on the formation of the national intelligentsia, which during the revolutionary events of the early 20th century led to the rise of the national movement in the empires peripheries and to the struggle for self-determination of the non-Russian populations during the Russian Revolution of 1917. The article reconstructs individual facts and events from the life of the nomadic population under specific socio-economic and political-legal conditions. Using the historical-genetic method, the influence of liberal reforms on the vital activity of the nomadic peoples of the Stavropol province is revealed. The authors focus on the activities of regional authorities during the period under review, which were liberal in nature and carried out in the context of the reforms of Alexander II. The authors conclude that the pre-Caucasus steppe, the territory of the nomadic Kalmyks, Nogais and Turkmens, being the national edge of the Russian Empire and falling under a special system of governance related to the ethnic and religious characteristics of the populations, was not drawn into the orbit of liberal reforms. Meanwhile, a number of measures were approved by the regional executive authorities on the ground, of course, first of all, aimed at satisfying the needs of the imperial policy for incorporating the region into the common imperial space, but at the same time improving the lives of the nomadic peoples of the Stavropol province, in particular in the field of education and legal procedures.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.