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In this study, exploratory methods and the simplex-centroid design were applied in the development of food bars with cocoa shell, soy and green banana flours that were evaluated sensorially. The results of the chemical composition and texture were submitted to the Scott-Knott test and the Principal Component Analysis, and was observed a significant difference between the treatments (P < 0.05), as well as a tendency to form five groups, according to its nutritional characteristics. The design used to optimise the sensorial acceptance of the food bars was effective, whose contour surface indicated an optimal region with greater acceptance, with all formulations having good acceptance (scores above 5.52). Check-All-That-Apply, Contingency Analysis and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis allowed describing the products, demonstrating the sensory differences between treatments with the presence/absence of cocoa shell. It is concluded that the studied ingredients can be used in food bars, providing nutritional and sensory characteristics acceptable to the consumer.

The ultrasound-assisted method was used to extract oil from the red mombin seed, mainly aiming to analyze yield. A multivariate analysis served to define optimized parameters (6.46 minutes and S/S ratio of 1:23.10 mass:volume) for ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) with the objective of maximizing yield, using the response surface methodology (RSM) and desirability graph with central variables and axial points determined by the central composite rotatable design (CCRD). In addition to the optimization of oil extraction, oil was chemically characterized in terms of antioxidant capacity and nutritional aspects to test the quality and chemical characteristics of red mombin seed oil extraction residue (cake). Analyses showed 32% unsaturated fatty acids, such as palmitoleic acid, linolelaidic acid, and α-linolenic acid, and the presence of phenolic compounds, especially catechin. High dietary fiber content and the presence of phenolic compounds, such as chlorogenic acid, vanillin, and gallic acid, were found in the cake, which allows the possibility of incorporating this material into food products.

The present study evaluated the effects of thermal treatment on the physical, nutritional, and antinutritional characteristics of Brazilian red mombin seeds (Spondias purpurea L.), which were divided into three batches: in natura, dried, and roasted. When under moderate (50 °C) and high (130 °C) heat, the parameters evaluated were influenced by the drying process with heat positively impacting the variables studied by reducing water content in the food matrix. This allowed an increment of nutrients and phenolic compounds, identified using HPLC-DAD/UV−vis, and of vitamin C and total carotenoids, which may have contributed to the antioxidant capacity of the seeds. Considering the parameters evaluated in this study, roasted red mombin seeds are the best form of consumption for its high content of dietary fiber (85.27 g•100 −1 ), vitamin C (122.71 g•100 −1 ), and catechin (29.23 mg•100g −1 ). In addition to the preservation of nutritional characteristics, the roasting process allowed reducing and/or eliminating antinutritional components as a 60% reduction in the value of the trypsin inhibitor.

Young vegetables are gaining more and more popularity on a world scale, not only because they are highly nutritious foods, but because they constitute a new ingredient, being used to improve the visual aspect of salads and other garnishes and to embellish a wide variety of dishes. This study aimed to compare the content of bioactive compounds and the antioxidant capacity of kale (Brassica oleracea L.) in three growth stages: microgreen (15 days after sowing), baby leaf (40 days after sowing) and adult (60 days after sowing). The cultivation was carried out in trays for the production of microgreens, later a portion was transplanted in beds to obtain baby leafs and plants in an adult stage. The analyzes performed were: total carotenoids, mineral profile, phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity. Chemical analyzes showed, in general, that vegetables in microgreens and baby leaf stages had higher levels of micronutrients and antioxidant capacity by the phosphomolybdenum method than the plant in the adult (commercial) stage, however, for phenolic compounds and total carotenoids, the adult plant had higher levels than baby leaf and microgreens. It should be noted that baby leaf and microgreens are usually eaten raw and whole, avoiding losses and obtaining a better use of nutrients present in these vegetables. Thus, the consumption of vegetables harvested at early stages may contribute to a greater supply of nutrients and bioactive compounds in the diet.

A maçã é um dos frutos mais apreciados no mundo e consolidado mundialmente. De acordo com a Associação Brasileira de Produtores de maçã (ABPM), a produção brasileira concentra-se, principalmente, nos estados do Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina e Paraná, correspondendo a 99% da produção total. Dos frutos produzidos, grande parte são consumidos in natura e na produção de sucos, gerando resíduos agroindustriais. O estudo teve por objetivo quantificar o teor de compostos fenólicos e potencial antioxidante de casca e polpa de maçã in natura e de suas farinhas. Os resultados do teor de fenólicos mostraram que tanto a farinha da casca (1751,38mgGAE/100g) como a farinha da polpa (308,52mgGAE/100g) apresentaram diferenças significativas em relação ao fruto in natura. Pelo método DPPH (IC50), apresentaram-se menores valores as amostras de farinhas de casca e da polpa de maçã em relação a in natura, porem, ambas as amostras avaliadas, obtiveram atividade antioxidante, mostrando a viabilidade do aproveitamento como ingrediente enriquecedor. Palavras-chave: Maçã, Compostos fenólicos, Atividade Antioxidante.

Bee pollen is recommended as dietary supplement due to immunostimulating functions including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic properties. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of such properties is still not well understood. As diet can be associated with animal performance, microbiota modulation and potentially factor for cancer, this study aimed to analyze if bee pollen could influence growth, gut microbial and skin cutaneous melanoma development in zebrafish. Control diets based on commercial flakes and Artemia were compared with the same diet supplemented with bee pollen. Fish weight gain, increased length, intestinal bacteria metagenomics analysis, serum amyloid A gene expression and cutaneous melanoma transplantation assays were performed. Bee pollen affected microbiota composition and melanoma development. Differential abundance revealed higher abundance in the control group for Aeromonadaceae family, Aeromonas and Pseudomonas genus, A. sobria, A. schubertii, A. jandaei and P. alcaligenes species compared with pollen diet group. Pollen group presented higher abundance for Chromobacterium genus and for Gemmobacter aquaticus, Flavobacterium succinicans and Bifidobacterium breve compared with control group. Unexpectedly, fish fed with bee pollen showed higher tumor growth rate and larger tumor size than control group. This is the first study to report intestinal microbial changes and no protective cancer properties after bee pollen administration.