Background
Bovine bone grafts have been widely used in dentistry for guided tissue regeneration and can support new bone formation in direct contact with the graft. The aim of this study was to compare the morphometric and bone density changes after using two different bovine bone graft blocks in segmental osseous defects in the mandible of rabbits following different postoperative periods.
Material and methods
Critical size segmental defects were surgically created bilaterally in the jaw of 18 rabbits. The defects were filled with either deproteinized bovine bone mineral with 10% collagen (DBBM-C; BioOss Collagen®), lyophilized bovine medullary bone (LBMB; Orthogen®), or left untreated according to a split-mouth design. Animals were sacrificed after 3 or 6 months of healing. The hemimandibles were scanned ex vivo using a high-resolution (19 μm) microcomputed tomography. Morphometric and bone density parameters were calculated in the region of the defect using CT-Analyser (Bruker). Initial graft blocks were used as baseline.
Results
DBBM-C presented a denser microarchitecture, in comparison to LBMB at baseline. DBBM-C and LBMB grafted regions showed a similar progressive remodeling, with a significant decrease in structure complexity and maintenance of bone volume fraction during the postoperative follow-up periods. Both graft materials showed an enhanced bone replacement and more complex structure compared to untreated defects. The apparent fusion between the graft and host bone was observed only in the defects filled with LBMB.
Conclusion
LBMB grafts showed a similar behavior as DBBM-C regarding structural remodeling. In LBMB samples, apparent integration between the host bone and the graft was present.
Abstract:Squamous cell carcinomas of head and neck have an incidence of more than five hundred thousand cases a year worldwide. The standard treatment of this condition consists of platinum-based chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Nevertheless, in case of advanced age or reduced general condition the chemotherapy agent utilized is Cetuximab, a molecular targeted drug, used for metastatic colorectal cancer and head and neck cancer. Adverse effects associated with Cetuximab can be potentiated by the radiotherapy leading to oral mucositis and skin toxicities. We report a case of a 70-year-old caucasian woman who had removed a gingival squamous cell carcinoma at the left side of the mandible. During intensity modulated radiotherapy and Cetuximab chemotherapy she began to develop severe oral mucositis and perioral and neck skin toxicities. The pain associated with the oral mucositis prevented the patient from eating, causing a break in radio and chemotherapy.The treatment with systemic and topical medications and low-level lasertherapy was applied. The patient tolerated well the treatment and fifteen days after it began, radio and chemotherapy was reinitiated and concluded with no more adverse effects. It is important to the medical team to be aware of it, since the early identification and treatment of its signs and symptoms reduces the risks of breaks in the treatment and provides better quality of life to these patients.
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