This paper analyzes the reliability of the Iscan's sternal rib-ends phase method for the assessment of individual age at the time of death in the Balkan population. The method is based on the morphological age changes of the sternal rib ends. The tested samples consisted of 65 ribs from autopsy cases in the Institute for Forensic Medicine, University of Belgrade, during 1999-2002 (23 females, and 42 males of various ages, ranged from 17-91 years), according to the forensic documents. Significant differences between the real chronological age of the individuals and the values established by the Iscan's method was found, especially in the older categories (phases 6 and 7), in both males and females. The results of the discriminative analysis showed the values of the highest diagnostic relevance for the assessment of age in our population: the change of the depth of the articular fossa, the thickness of its walls, and the quality of the bones.
Osteoporoza i/ili osteopenija su česte komplikacije alkoholne bolesti jetre, sa posebnim značajem u njenom ireverzibilnom stadijumu (engl. alcoholic liver cirrhosis – ALC). U ovoj publikaciji je predstavljen pregled savremene literature o učestalosti osteoporoze, povećanom riziku od preloma kosti, promenama mineralne gustine i mikrostrukture kostiju, kao i o etio-patogenetskim mehanizmima koji dovode do smanjenja kvaliteta kosti kod pacijenata sa ALC-om. Zabeleženo je da osteoporoza može biti prisutna kod značajnog broja ALC bolesnika, naročito u slabinskom delu kičmenog stuba. Identifikovano je više faktora rizika, kao i etio-patogenetskih mehanizama povezanih sa gubitkom mineralne gustine kosti kod bolesnika sa alkoholnom i cirozama druge etiologije. Određeni autori tvrde da je dominantan mehanizam gubitka koštane mase usporeno osteoblastno stvaranje kosti, dok drugi rezultati sugerišu pojačanu razgradnju koštanog matriksa kao dominantniji mehanizam u nastanku skeletnih oštećenja kod ALC bolesnika. Povećana koštana fragilnost i sklonost ka patološkim prelomima značajno utiču na životni vek i kvalitet života pacijenata sa ALC-om. Stoga se preporučuje da osteološki skrining i procena rizika od frakture budu obavezni deo individualnog pristupa lečenju bolesnika sa alkoholnom cirozom jetre.
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