Familial history of hypertension is associated with autonomic dysfunction and increase in blood pressure (BP). However, an active lifestyle has been found to improve a number of health outcomes and reduce all-cause mortality. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of an active lifestyle on hemodynamics, heart rate variability (HRV) and oxidative stress markers in offspring of hypertensive parents. One hundred twenty-seven subjects were assigned into four groups: sedentary offspring of normotensives (S-ON) or hypertensives (S-OH); and physically active offspring of normotensives (A-ON) or hypertensives (A-OH). Diastolic BP and heart rate were reduced in the physically active groups when compared to S-OH group. A-ON and A-OH groups presented increased values of RR total variance when compared to the sedentary ones (A-ON: 4,912 ± 538 vs. S-ON: 2,354 ± 159; A-OH: 3,112 ± 236 vs. S-OH: 2,232 ± 241 ms 2 ). Cardiac sympato-vagal balance (LF/HF), systemic hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion were markedly increased in S-OH group when compared to all other studied groups. Additionally, important correlations were observed between LF/HF with diastolic BP (r = 0.30) and hydrogen peroxide (r = 0.41). Thus, our findings seem to confirm an early autonomic dysfunction in offspring of hypertensive parents, which was associated with a systemic increase in reactive oxygen species and blood pressure. However, our most important finding lies in the attenuation of such disorders in offspring of physically active hypertensives, thus emphasizing the importance of a physically active lifestyle in the prevention of early disorders that may be associated with onset of hypertension.
Familial history of hypertension is associated with autonomic dysfunction and increase in blood pressure (BP). On the other hand, an active lifestyle has been found to improve a number of health outcomes and reduce all‐cause mortality. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of an active lifestyle on hemodynamics, heart rate variability (HRV) and oxidative stress markers in offspring of hypertensive parents. One hundred twenty‐seven subjects were assigned into four groups: sedentary offspring of normotensives (S‐ON) or hypertensives (S‐OH); and physically active offspring of normotensives (A‐ON) or hypertensives (A‐OH). The level of physical activity was determined using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Heart rate (HR), systolic (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) were measured at rest. The assessment of cardiac autonomic modulation was performed by HRV analysis. Oxidant stress was assessed by Hydrogen peroxide concentration, Superoxide anion, Lipid Peroxide levels and Protein Carbonyls measurements in plasma. Diastolic BP and heart rate were reduced in the physically active groups when compared to S‐OH group. A‐ON and A‐OH groups presented increased values of RR total variance when compared to the sedentary ones (A‐ON: 4912±538 vs. S‐ON: 2354±159; A‐OH: 3112±236 vs. S‐OH: 2232±241ms2). Cardiac sympato‐vagal balance (LF/HF), systemic hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion were markedly increased in S‐OH group when compared to all other studied groups. Systemically, superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide were increased in S‐OH group when compared to S‐ON group. However, both physically active groups (A‐ON and A‐OH) presented reduced levels of superoxide anion (A‐ON: 41.0±4.1 and A‐OH: 48.3±3.4 vs. S‐OH: 56.7±3.9 nmol/mg of protein) and hydrogen peroxide (A‐ON: 8.95±0.9 and A‐OH: 9.6±1.8 vs. S‐OH: 16.68±2.7 μM) when compared to S‐OH group. Additionally, correlations were observed between LF/HF with diastolic BP (r=0.30, p<0.05) and hydrogen peroxide (r=0.41, p<0.05). Thus, our findings confirm the presence of early autonomic dysfunction in offspring of hypertensive parents, which was associated with a systemic increase in reactive oxygen species and blood pressure. However, our most important finding lies in the attenuation of such disorders in offspring of physically active hypertensives, thus emphasizing the importance of a physically active lifestyle in the prevention of early disorders that may be associated with development of hypertension.Support or Funding InformationFinancial support: UNINOVE, CNPq, CAPES, FAPESP.This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2019 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal.
The aim of this study was to verify the effects of three different moderate exercise training protocols (aerobic, resistance and combined (aerobic + resistance)) in a model of metabolic syndrome and menopause on a cardiovascular parameter and oxidative stress. Female SHR rats were divided into (n=8): hypertensive (H), hypertensive ovariectomized submitted to fructose overload (100g/L in drinking water) (HFO), aerobic trained hypertensive ovariectomized submitted to fructose overload (AHOF), resistance trained hypertensive ovariectomized submitted to fructose overload (RHOF) and combined trained hypertensive ovariectomized submitted to fructose overload (CHOF). Arterial pressure (AP) signals were directly recorded. Vascular autonomic modulation was evaluated by spectral analysis. The cardiac oxidative stress was evaluated by lipoperoxidation (LPO) determination. The association of fructose overload and hormone deprivation promoted an increase in AP (HOF: 174±4 vs. H: 146±4 mmHg), heart rate (HOF: 393±10 vs. H: 352±13 bpm), VAR-SAP (HOF: 77.8±11.9 vs H: 31.1±2.6 mmHg2), LF-SAP (HOF: 10.6±2.3 vs H: 5.0±0.9 mmHg2) and LPO, and reduced baroreflex sensitivity (tachycardia response: HOF: 1.06±0.06 vs. H: 1.91±0.17 bpm/mmHg). All exercise training protocols were able to reduce LPO and LF-SAP. It was noted that only the combined exercise training was able in reducing AP (CHOF: 158±4 mm Hg) and heart rate (CHOF: 303±5 bpm). The AP reduction noted only in the CHOF group may be associated with an improve in baroreflex sensitivity, represented by an increase of tachycardic response observed only in the CHOF (1.62±0.1 bpm/mmHg) and in the AHOF (1.54 ±0.07 bpm/mmHg) groups and a reduction of VAR-PAS observed only in the CHOF (30.31±3.85 mmHg 2 ) and in the RHOF (31±2.65 mmHg 2 ) groups. In conclusion, fructose overload induced impairment in hemodynamic, vascular autonomic control and increased oxidative stress in hypertensive rats submitted to ovarian hormones deprivation. However, all exercise training protocols showed a beneficial role. Moreover, the combined exercise training showed additional improvement, suggesting that this could be a better approach than isolated aerobic and resistance training.
Introduction Doxorubicin, has been used as a chemotherapeutic agent, however, it is also associated with significant cardiotoxicity related to an increased oxidative stress (OS). Recent studies have shown that doxorubicin also induces skeletal muscle atrophy in preclinical models. Vitamin C (VC), which presents antioxidant properties, has been used as a pharmacological approach against cardiac toxicity. Nonetheless, the effects of vitamin C on doxorubicin‐induced skeletal muscle atrophy are still unknown. Objective Evaluate the effects of VC on OS parameters in skeletal muscle of rats exposed to doxorubicin. Methods Male Wistar rats divided into 4 groups (C: Control. VC: Vitamin C. D: Doxorubicin and VCD: VC+Dox, n=8‐10/group). Dox was administered in six doses of 2.5 mg/kg, for 3 weeks to obtain a cumulative dose of 15 mg/kg. VC was administered daily (50 mg/kg) orally for six weeks, starting one week before treatment with Dox. The gastrocnemius was weighed and homogenized for OS analysis: antioxidant profile (catalase [CAT], superoxide dismutase [SOD], glutathione peroxidase [GPx] and non‐enzymatic antioxidant capacity [FRAP]), pro‐oxidant (NADPH oxidase, hydrogen peroxide [H2O2], nitrites) and cell damage (protein and lipid oxidation [LPO]). Results Dox reduced the gastrocnemius weight, on the other hand VC prevented it (C: 1.74±0.03; VC: 1.55±0.18; D: 0.99±0.06 and VCD: 1.23±0.06 g). There were no differences in CAT, FRAP, NADPH and nitrites between studied groups. D group showed increased concentration of H2O2 compared to C and VC groups; which was not observed in the VCD group (C: 5.33±0.39; VC: 4.30±1.47; D: 8.72±1.58 and VCD: 3.66±0.73 μM H2O2). SOD was higher in the VCD group compared to the others (C: 8.29±0.61; VC: 8.38±0.48; D: 9.94±0.61 and VCD: 10.38±0.28 USOD/mg protein). GPx was higher in VC and VCD compared to C group and lower in D compared to C and VCD group (C:0.007±0.002; VC: 0.012±0.002; D: 0.009±0.001 and VCD: 0.011±0.001 nmol/mg protein). Protein oxidation was lower in C group compared to the others (C: 3.63± 0.93; VC: 6.98±0.74; D: 5.69±0.49 and VCD: 5.98±0.29 nmol/mg protein). However, LPO was higher in D group compared to C and VC groups, and lower in VCD group compared to D group (C: 342±122; VC:364±153; D: 998±131 and VCD: 389±50 cps/mg protein). Conclusion Vitamin C protects against doxorubicin‐induced skeletal muscle atrophy and oxidative stress, suggesting a potential approach to management cardio functional disorder in patients under doxorubicin treatment.
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