Weight variation is a useful marker of nutritional status in companion animals. Muscle mass score is a useful marker of nutritional status and prognosis. Body condition score is a useful marker of nutritional status and prognosis. Body mass index can assist in determining prognosis.
Diferentes técnicas para hemostasia e secção do pedículo ovariano durante ovariohisterectomia (OH) são relatadas na literatura. O uso da diatermia monopolar é um método de eletrocoagulação que viabiliza a estase vascular do ovário com eficiência. O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar a funcionalidade hemostática do Complexo Arteriovenoso Ovariano (CAVO) de felinos, com o uso da eletrocirurgia monopolar, sob a influência do peso dos animais em relação à incisão e período cirúrgico, quando comparados ao uso da técnica convencional. Vinte gatas hígidas, com peso entre 2,1 e 3,7 kg, com idades variadas, foram submetidas à OH eletiva, onde, 10 gatas sofreram hemostasia e secção do CAVO sob uso da técnica das três pinças e 10 gatas mediante uso do eletrobisturi monopolar, de modo que o tempo cirúrgico foi quantificado sob uso de cronômetro e paquímetro era empregado na mensuração do tamanho da incisão. Analisando estatisticamente o presente experimento observou-se que o uso do eletrobisturi monopolar confere menor tempo cirúrgico total e tamanho de incisão, juntamente com boa eficácia hemostática do CAVO. No entanto, a variável peso dos animais não influenciou no tamanho da incisão e no tempo cirúrgico total.
The objective of this research was to creates a reference interval for C-reactive protein (CRP)/albumin ratio (CAR) in the canine species and to analyze the potential of CRP, albumin and the relationship between both, to serve as indicators of disease severity, length of hospital stay (LoS) and mortality in this species. For this, an outcome study was conducted in a Veterinary Teaching Hospital in southern Brazil. One hundred ninety dogs were included randomly, without distinction of gender, age, or breed, from June 2013 to November 2016. Plasma was collected from them and analyzed for assessment of CRP and albumin. The reference range stipulated for CAR in dogs was 0.36-0.60, as determined by the confidence interval of mean resamplings (in percentiles). The frequencies mean, and standard deviations of the variables, correlation analysis, and comparative analysis (Kruskal-Wallis in α = 5%) were calculated. Elevation (above reference) of CAR was determined to be proportional to the severity of the underlying disease, and CRP means were reasonable. Besides, hypoalbuminemia was indicative of systemic disease, but not of severity. Thus, CAR was a better marker of disease severity than were CRP and albumin, analyzed separately. Concerning LoS, there was a positive correlation with CAR (p<0.01) in patients, and the same was not observed with CRP and albumin. Concerning mortality, hypoalbuminemia was the only marker valid in animals with a critical illness (p=0.04). In conclusion, CAR is a better marker of disease severity and LoS in dogs than are CRP and albumin analyzed separately.
The deficiencies in the screening protocols and the paucity of epidemiological studies aimed at emergency care contribute to a generalist emergency approach, without focusing on the most common causes and injuries of emergency admissions in veterinary practice. Thus, we aimed to retrospectively study the epidemiological aspects of emergency cases in dogs and cats under routine care at a veterinary school hospital at University X over 24 months (June 2012–June 2014). During this period, 328 cases were considered as emergencies, of which 306 were included in the study. The main causes of emergency admissions in both species were trauma, followed by hypovolemic shock. The third cause differed between species, the most common being neurological emergencies in dogs and urinary emergencies in cats. Knowledge of emergency epidemiological data in the pet clinic is essential for clinical surveillance, case screening, early diagnosis, rapid therapeutic intervention, and avoiding losses in the waiting rooms of veterinary emergency medicine.
Veterinarians, among other health professionals, are considered health professionals at high risk of exposure to and contraction of COVID-19. The main objective of this study is to assess changes in the clinical practices of veterinarians during the COVID-19 pandemic around prophylactic and biosafety measures, as well as to evaluate changes in workload and cost-benefit ratio. An online questionnaire was sent to veterinary professionals from July 2020 to July 2021 using Google Forms. A total of 1134 veterinarians answered the questionnaire on clinical experiences and biosafety practices during the COVID-19 pandemic. Veterinarians changed their routine clinical practices, as there was a reduction in working hours, and applied new patient approaches and advice to their owners, as well as restricting the number of people allowed inside. Biosafety measures were added in their workplaces, with an increase in the use of personal protective equipment. COVID-19 tests were administered at least once in 19.0%, and more than once in 9.5% of the respondents. Flu symptoms were present in 23.8% of the respondents, and 31.0% of the veterinarians attended to COVID-19 positive pet owners. Therefore, most veterinarians altered their routine practices, and some were exposed to sources of COVID-19 infection.
De acordo com a literatura, os ossos longos são os mais acometidos em casos de fraturas em felinos domésticos, totalizando mais de 50% dessas afecções, não sendo encontrados estudos da incidência entre as espécies de felinos silvestres. Existem diversas técnicas para a estabilização das fraturas femorais e, neste trabalho, objetivou-se descrever o uso do fixador esquelético externo uniplanar (Tipo Ia) combinado ao pino intramedular (tie-in) em uma jaguatirica (Leopardus pardalis) que apresentava fratura transversal em terço proximal do fêmur direito. A abordagem do fêmur foi realizada inserindo um pino normógrado e, subsequentemente, dois pinos (schanz) externos proximais e dois distalmente ao foco da fratura. As partes proximal e distal do pino intramedular foram unidas a uma barra conectante externa. Foram realizadas avaliações radiográficas ao término do procedimento cirúrgico e aos 30 e 60 dias de pós-operatório, sendo que nas últimas pôde-se observar adequada cicatrização óssea. Em seguida, os implantes foram removidos. Durante todo o período de acompanhamento não foram observadas complicações com os implantes ou com a interface pino-pele. A técnica utilizada, configuração tie-in, promoveu estabilidade, foi bem aceita pela espécie, devolveu função normal ao membro operado e proporcionou adequada consolidação óssea.
O carcinoma de células transicionais (CCT) é considerado a neoplasia mais comum da vesícula urinária do cão. Sua etiologia é multifatorial, porém foi sugerido que fêmeas idosas são mais suscetíveis para desenvolvimento da doença. As manifestações clínicas mais comuns que ocorrem com os animais acometidos são consistentes com hematúria, estrangúria e polaquiúria que podem estar presentes por semanas a meses antes do diagnóstico. O diagnóstico definitivo é realizado através de análise histopatológica, entretanto, através do exame de ultrassonografia podemos detectar anormalidades da bexiga, onde as neoplasias são uma suspeita. Várias terapias têm sido propostas para o tratamento do carcinoma de células transicionais, incluindo cirurgia, radioterapia, quimioterapia, cuidados médicos e paliativos. A excisão cirúrgica em canídeos com CCT pode ser indicada para a obtenção de amostras para biopsia, remoção do carcinoma e para manter ou restaurar o fluxo urinário. O tratamento médico é indicado quando não é possível a ressecção cirúrgica do carcinoma e quando existem metástases, consistindo no uso de quimioterápicos, inibidores COX e a combinação destes dois tipos de tratamento. Objetiva-se com este trabalho relatar o caso de um canino, fêmea, da raça Bloodhound, de sete anos, com carcinoma de células transicionais que foi submetido ao tratamento cirúrgico. Neste caso a nefrectomia associada a cistectomia parcial mesmo com envolvimento de região de trígono e ureter apresentou tratamento curativo durante o período de avaliação do animal, que em sua última avaliação demonstrou-se com doze meses de remissão, assim aumentando a longevidade e melhorando a qualidade de vida do mesmo. Palavras-chave: Canino. Células Transicionais. Cirurgia. Rim. Trígono Vesical. Abstract Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) is the most common neoplasm of the urinary vesicle in dogs. Its etiology is multifactorial; however, it has been suggested that elderly female dogs appear more susceptible to disease development. Clinically, the affected animals frequently demonstrate hematuria, strangury, and polaquiuria. These symptoms may be present for weeks to months prior to diagnosis. Definitive diagnosis is made through histopathological analysis; however, ultrasound examination enables detection of bladder abnormalities, where neoplasms often occur. Several therapies are used to treat, including surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and medical and palliative care. Surgical excision in dogs with TCC can be indicated to obtain samples for biopsy, carcinoma removal and to maintain or restore urinary flow. Medical treatment is indicated when surgical resection of the carcinoma is not possible and when there are metastasis, consisting of the use of chemotherapy, COX inhibitors and the combination of these two types of treatment. The objective of this study was to report a case of a seven-year-old female Bloodhound dog with TCC who underwent surgical treatment. In this case, nephrectomy associated with partial cystectomy, even with involvement of the trigone and ureter region, presented curative treatment during the evaluation period of the animal, which in its last evaluation was demonstrated with twelve months of remission, thus increasing longevity and improving quality life. Keywords: Canine. Kidney. Surgery. Transitional cell. Vesical trigone.
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