The present study aims to determine the appropriate defoliation management for the production of seeds and forage in arrowleaf clover via trail analysis. The results obtained demonstrated that defoliation practices have a great influence on the composition of seed yield and germination power. In addition, when the goal is the maximum balance between dry matter production and seed yield, this can be achieved in up to two defoliation practices. These results are confirmed by analyzing the positive association between the weight of a thousand seeds and the seed yield. When the third defoliation practice is performed, it negatively correlates with the weight of a thousand seeds, suggesting that, with the increase in defoliation frequency, there is a lower weight of a thousand seeds, and, therefore, lower seed yield. Therefore, management planning in Trifolium vesiculosum Savi that aims at natural reseeding, maximum yield and seed germination must prioritize one to two defoliation practices, aiming to promote favorable conditions for the perennialization of the species. In this context, the trail analysis proved to be a useful tool as a criterion for obtaining the ideal management aiming at the production of seeds and forage in vesicular clover.
RESUMO. Objetivou-se avaliar os possíveis efeitos do uso do herbicida e da introdução de espécies de estação fria na dinâmica vegetacional da pastagem natural. Os tratamentos foram: pastagem natural com roçadas anuais (CN); pastagem natural melhorada com introdução de espécies de estação fria e com adubação anual (CNI); idem ao anterior, mas com uma aplicação de glifosato (G1); idem ao anterior, porém com três aplicações de glifosato (G3); idem ao G3, mas com o dobro da adubação anual (GA3). A semeadura de trevo branco, cornichão e azevém anual foi feita a lanço, sendo esta precedida da aplicação do herbicida glifosato. O sistema de pastejo foi o contínuo com lotação variável. A composição botânica observada foi diferente (p < 0,06) entre os tratamentos que não receberam aplicação de glifosato e aqueles em que se fez o uso do mesmo. A composição botânica dos tratamentos entre os períodos não apresentou variação (p = 0,57). O uso do herbicida glifosato permite eficiente estabelecimento das espécies introduzidas. Entretanto, não se recomenda a utilização desta prática por esta modificar a composição florística da pastagem natural.Palavras-chave: azevém anual, cornichão, glifosato, trevo branco.ABSTRACT. Vegetation dynamics in natural pasture and pasture overseeded with cool season species with and without the use of herbicide. This study evaluated the possible effects of the use of herbicide and introduction of cool season species on the dynamics of natural grassland vegetation. The treatments were: natural grassland with annual mowing (CN); natural grassland improved with introduction of cool season species and annual fertilization (CNI); same as the previous but with glyphosate application (G1); same as the previous with three glyphosate applications (G3); same as G3 but with double annual fertilizing (GA3). The sod seeding of white clover, birdsfoot trefoil and annual ryegrass was preceded by application of the herbicide glyphosate. The grazing system was continuous, with variable stocking rates. The observed botanical composition was different (p < 0.06) between treatments that did not receive glyphosate application and those with application. The botanical composition of the treatments did not present variation (p = 0.57) among periods. The use of glyphosate allows an efficient establishment of the introduced species. However, the use of this practice is not recommended due to its effects on modifying the floristic composition of the natural grassland.
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