Introduction: 50% of pregnancy failure is due male factors. One of these factors is the absence of spermatozoa in the ejaculate; in these cases the patient is submitted to epididymal or testicular sperm aspiration. The spermatozoa acquired from these technics usually are immobile, what makes necessary the use of pentoxifylline, which activates sperm movement, to distinction of viable spermatozoa to ICSI. Objectives: To analyze if a low concentration of pentoxifylline causes spermatic chromatin damages. Materials and Methods: Sperm motility activation was tested in different concentrations of pentoxifylline. After the screening of doses, the lowest effective concentration was choose to analyze the chromatin damage rate. 15 samples of fresh sperm were tested for DNA damage with HALOSPERM Kit. Blades' analyses were made in bright field microscopy. The fragmented DNA was settle by the absence of chromatin dispersion halo or small halo. Results: The lowest and effective pentoxifylline dose was 1.5 mM. There was no significant difference on chromatin damage rate between study and control groups (p = 0.55). Conclusion: The use of pentoxifylline at 1.5 mM does not affect the sperm DNA.
We conclude that patients that were considered eligible to undergo blastocyst formation have higher levels of serum AMH, however too high concentration of this hormone can be harmful to blastocyst development.
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of dimethylformamide (DF) associated with ethylene glycol (EG) or 1-2 propanediol (PROH) during vitrification, on the in vitro development of mouse blastocysts. Cryoprotectant toxicity was evaluated exposing embryos into three different equilibrium solutions (ES) composed by DF, EG or PROH mixtures (10% v/v of each) in mPBS + 0.5% PVA at different interval times (1, 3 and 10min). In a second experiment, embryos were exposed to the same ES (either 1 or 3min), following for the three respectively vitrification solutions (VS) (20% v/v of each) for 30s. After 72 hours of in vitro culture, embryo hatching and expansion rates were similar for the ES1 and ES2 equilibration solutions during the time interval of 1 or 3min. However embryos exposed for 10 min to the DF equilibration solutions, had lower survival rates than EG-PROH solution (P<0.01). Furthermore, survival rates for embryos exposed to DF-PROH (ES+VS) were lower than embryos exposed to the other solutions (P<0.01). Blastocyst vitrification was performed with the three ES+VS (for 1min and 30s, respectively), using glass micropipettes (GMP). Survival rates were lower for blastocysts vitrified with DF solutions (3%-3/108 and 17.1%-19/111) (P<0.01) than with PROH+EG vitrification solutions (69%-73/105). In conclusion, DF as a cryoprotectant into vitrification solutions have deleterious effects on the in vitro developmental competence of vitrified mouse blastocysts.
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