RESUMO:A dengue clássica e sua forma grave (hemorrágica) são causadas por um dos quatro tipos de sorotipos do vírus da dengue. Os principais marcadores que diferenciam as duas formas da doença são o aumento da permeabilidade vascular, seguida de hipovolemia e choque nos casos severos. As mudanças hematológicas que constantemente ocorrem na forma hemorrágica incluem a supressão da medula óssea, com consequente leucopenia e trombocitopenia. As causas da trombocitopenia são geralmente relacionadas a atuação direta do vírus sobre a medula óssea e pela ativação de mecanismos imunológicos que aumentam a destruição das plaquetas na circulação. Pela alta incidência das endemias de dengue que ocorrem no Brasil, o entendimento do comportamento de alguns parâmetros laboratoriais é essencial para a melhora das formas de diagnóstico além de auxiliar nas medidas terapêuticas na cura da doença.Palavras-chave: Dengue, Febre Hemorrágica da Dengue, trombocitopenia. ABSTRACT:The classic dengue and its severe form (hemorrhagic) are caused by one of four types of dengue virus serotypes. The main markers that differentiate the two forms of the disease are increased vascular permeability, followed by hypovolemia and shock in severe cases. Hematologic changes constantly occur as hemorrhagic include bone marrow suppression, with consequent thrombocytopenia and leukopenia. The causes of thrombocytopenia are usually related to direct action of the virus on the bone marrow and activation of immune mechanisms that increase the destruction of platelets in the circulation. The high incidence of endemic dengue occurring in Brazil, understanding the behavior of some laboratory parameters is essential for the improvement of the forms of diagnostic besides assisting in therapeutic measures to cure the disease.
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