Many studies have highlighted the anti-tumor properties of some natural peptides known to have antimicrobial virtues. In this study, we evaluated the tumoricidal potential of dermaseptin, defensin, cecropin A and B on tumor cell lines: M14K (human mesothelioma). The viability study was performed using PE V Annexin and 7-AAD (7-amino-actinomycin D) (BD Pharmingen). This test was used to detect and measure apoptosis by flow cytometry technique. The experimental results of our study revealed that the cytotoxic effects of the four peptides depend on their concentration. In this in vitro experimental study, we found that the cytotoxic effect of the four cytotoxic peptides used depended on their concentration in the tumor cell culture medium, being significant at concentrations of 120mM and maintained at concentrations of 60�M. At 30�M concentrations these tumoricidal effects were insignificant. Of all the studied peptides, dermaseptin has the most powerful effect and the weakest effect b - defensin - 1.
We evaluated, by the flow cytometry technique, the viability of two tumor cell lines: colorectal carcinoma (HT-29) and human A549 arcinoma incubated with the cytotoxic peptide LL-37. The results obtained for the two cell lines HT-29 and A549 are significantly different under the action of cathelicidin LL-37. At high concentrations of 20mM, cellular apoptosis was over 30% higher for colorectal adenocarcinoma line compared to that by peptide exposure. Apoptosis was also significant in low-concentration (4uM) catechidine-labeled lung cancer cells for 48 h. Also, optimization of primers was sought to evaluate gene expression for, Bcl2, IL6, IL8. Determination of gene expression for these molecular targets under the action of the cytotoxic peptide was performed in order to evaluate the immune response of tumor cells. For this purpose, the genetic material (RNA) was extracted from cell cultures and reversed in cDNA, which was subsequently amplified by the qRT-PCR technique. Evaluation of tumor cell metabolism was done by determining the gene expression for Bcl2, IL6, IL8 by the action of the cytotoxic peptides used. The cytotoxic effect of cathelicidin LL-37 for the two cell lines HT29 and A549 is supported by the decrease in IL-6 and IL-8 gene expression. The increase in Bcl2 expression for cells exposed to the action of the peptide is explained by the increase in anti-apoptotic protein synthesis that explains the fight of tumor cells for survival and proliferation.
Our study demonstrates for the first time the existence of BK virus in Romania, and we believe it opens the prospective of diagnosing BKVN in high-risk patients in our country in the future. In renal transplant patients from our center, we found the prevalence of BK virus infection to be as high as 100%. The prevalence of hepatitis B and CMV was also remarkably high. In patients with BKVN, the reduction of immunosuppression enables the spontaneous resolution of the disease.
Multiple myeloma results from the clonal proliferation of abnormal plasma cells (PCs) in the bone marrow (BM). In this study, the cell surface expression markers (CD) on atypical PCs (detected by multiparametric flow cytometry (MFC)) were correlated with copy number alterations (CNAs) in the genome (detected by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA)) to assess their impact on prognosis in newly diagnosed MM patients. Statistically significant results were obtained when different stages of PC maturation (classified based on CD19 and CD81 expression) were associated with CD117 expression and identified CNAs. In the intermediately differentiated PC group (CD19(−) CD81(+)), patients who didn’t express CD117 had a lower median progression free survival (PFS) (p = 0.024). Moreover, within this group, patients with less than three adverse CNAs, which harbor CD117, had a better outcome with a PFS of more than 48 months compared with 19 months (p = 0.008). Considering all the results, our study suggested the need to integrate both the CD markers and copy number alterations to evaluate the prognosis of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients.
Material and methods We collected data retrospectively for 154 women from 2009 to 2015 at Sandwell and West Birmingham NHS Trust. Our population includes a wide range of ethnic groups including high numbers of migrant and asylum seeking population. We looked into ethnicity, mode of delivery and outcomes of babies born to HIV women. We used Microsoft Excel and Microsoft Access for analysis of results. Results 154 patients were noted to have HIV positive status from 2009 to 2015. Amongst the ethnic groups Afro-Caribbean patients comprised the major group including 140(90%) patients. 9(7%) were European and 5(3%) belonged to mixed race. 38(25%) patients were newly diagnosed in pregnancy and 116(75%) had already been known to have HIV status confirmed before pregnancy. 25(16%)patients were late bookers in pregnancy and 129(84%) booked in the first trimester. 8(5%) patients had an early miscarriage and 3(2%) had a second trimester loss and with 8(6%) patients delivering less than 36 weeks. In terms of mode of delivery 9(6%) were lost to follow up as they either returned to their country or delivered in another unit. 20(14%) had LSCS and 123(86%) had a NVD. Of the patients who had LSCS, only 8(5%) were noted to have a high viral load and the rest had LSCS due to obstetric reasons such as previous LSCS, large fibroids etc. Over the study period 10(7%) babies were noted to be seropositive at their 6 month follow up. Of the 10 babies 6(4%) were born to unbooked mothers and who were diagnosed after delivery. 133(93%) babies born remained HIV negative at 6 month follow up. Conclusion Current modern multidisciplinary care had changed the care and outcome of HIV positive pregnancies. There is higher prevalence of HIV in Afro Caribbean population. Overall there is a need to ensure the high risk population including asylum seekers and migrants have education and access to Obstetric care to achieve early diagnosis of the condition and treatment for optimal outcome. Patients who are diagnosed early had good compliance and had high rate of normal birth and safer outcome for the baby.
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