Objective: To analyze in literature the epidemiological aspects of tuberculosis/HIV coinfection in Brazil. Method: Descriptive research of the type integrative review of the literature with analysis of data processed by iramuteq software. The search was performed in the databases BVS, LILACS, MEDLINE and PUBMED with articles available in full published eletronically between 2013-2017. Results: 23 articles were founded. The coinfection is more prevalent among males, black color/race, low income, urban residents aged 20-50 years. Morbidity and mortality in coinfection is high and it is more prevalent in the southern and southeastern regions of Brazil. Conclusion: It can be concluded that a large number of HIV-positive individuals develops HIV/TB coinfection and one of the major problems in the treatment of both is non-adherence and/or abandonment, which increase therapeutic failures and drug resistance. Descriptors: Tuberculosis; HIV; Coinfection; Brazil RESUMOObjetivo: Analisar, a partir da literatura, os aspectos epidemiológicos da coinfecção Tuberculose/HIV (TB/HIV) no Brasil. Método: Trata-se de um revisão integrativa. A busca foi realizada nas bases de dados BVS, LILACS, MEDLINE e PubMed com artigos disponíveis na integra de forma eletrônica publicados entre os anos de 2013 e 2017. Resultados: Foram selecionados 23 estudos originais. Segundo os achados, a coinfecção é mais prevalente entre indivíduos do sexo masculino, negros, de baixa renda, residentes urbanos com idade entre 20 e 50 anos. A morbidade e mortalidade na coinfecção é alta e possui maior prevalência na região sul e sudeste do Brasil. Conclusão: Grande número de HIV positivos desenvolve a coinfecção HIV/TB, e um dos maiores problemas no tratamento de ambas é a não adesão e/ou o abandono do mesmo, que incrementam as falhas terapêuticas e a resistência às drogas utilizadas. Descritores: Tuberculose; HIV; Coinfecção; Brasil. RESUMÉNObjetivo: Analizar en la literatura los aspectos epidemiológicos de la coinfección Tuberculosis/VIH (TB/VIH) en Brasil. Método: Investigación descriptiva del tipo revisión integrativa de la literatura con análisis de datos procesados por el software IRAMUTEC. La búsqueda fue realizada en las bases de datos BVS, LILACS, MEDLINE y PUBMED con artículos disponibles en la integración de forma electrónica publicados entre 2013-2017. Resultados: Se han encontrado 23 artículos. La coinfección es más prevalente entre individuos del sexo masculino, color/raza negra, de baja renta, residentes urbanos con edad entre 20-50 años. La morbilidad y mortalidad en la coinfección es alta y tiene mayor prevalencia en la región sur y sudeste de Brasil. Conclusión: Se puede concluir que gran número de VIH positivos desarrolla la coinfección VIH/TB, y uno de los mayores problemas en el tratamiento de ambas es la no adhesión y/o el abandono del mismo, que incrementan las fallas terapéuticas y la resistencia a las drogas utilizadas. Descriptores: Tuberculosis; VIH; Coinfección; Brasil. Como citar este artigo:Miranda LO, Araujo GBF, Carvalh...
Abstract:Intensified urbanization has led to more populated cities and less green spaces which are vital to community health, wellbeing and conservation. Rouge Urban National Park in Toronto has recently become Canada's first urban national park. This park is ideally suited to the millennial population, offering outdoor recreation and green space that this growing market generally desires. There is, however, a lack of research into visitor motivations to urban parks and more specifically millennial motivations. Findings from 280 quantitative surveys found three main barriers to visiting the Urban National Park: distance, transportation, and awareness. The lack of public transport combined with road congestion and fewer millennials owning cars creates issues with accessibility. Poor branding and knowledge through electronic media creates low awareness within a demographic market so tied to technology.
A investigação teve como objetivo caraterizar a rotina diária de um rapaz de 10 anos. O estudo baseou-se na realização de entrevistas narrativas e semiestruturadas com registo audiovisual, elaboração de mapas diários de ocupação temporal, registos fotográficos, assim como na execução de mapas subjetivos da habitação, rua e outros locais que frequenta, entrevistas de inventário dos objetos pessoais da criança e documentação fotográfica. Efetuámos ainda o devido acompanhamento nas suas tarefas quotidianas, pelos locais que habitualmente frequenta, durante uma semana. Os dados obtidos foram categorizados em função das atividades realizadas pela criança, seguindo-se uma análise ao tempo dedicado a cada atividade e categoria, tendo em conta os dias da semana, atividades que implicam movimento ou não, as ações realizadas dentro e fora de casa. Através da sua análise pode-se verificar que a criança em estudo vive com os seus pais e irmão, numa vivenda localizada numa quinta. A criança frequenta diariamente o ATL e pratica futsal. Esta criança, no seu Mundo Vivido despende muito tempo (todos os dias da semana de manhã e à tarde) em instituições (escola e ATL). O restante é passado em casa e no espaço envolvente. No que respeita ao Mundo do Movimento, passa a maior parte do tempo no quarto a jogar Playstation e a ver televisão.
Intensified urbanization has led to more populated cities and less green spaces which are vital to community health, wellbeing and conservation. Rouge Urban National Park in Toronto has recently become Canada’s first urban national park. This park is ideally suited to the millennial population, offering outdoor recreation and green space that this growing market generally desires. There is, however, a lack of research into visitor motivations to urban parks and more specifically millennial motivations. Findings from 280 quantitative surveys found three main barriers to visiting the Urban National Park: distance, transportation, and awareness. The lack of public transport combined with road congestion and fewer millennials owning cars creates issues with accessibility. Poor branding and knowledge through electronic media creates low awareness within a demographic market so tied to technology. Keywords: urban national parks; millennials; distance decay theory; visitor motivations; Canada
Intensified urbanization has led to more populated cities and less green spaces which are vital to community health, wellbeing and conservation. Rouge Urban National Park in Toronto has recently become Canada’s first urban national park. This park is ideally suited to the millennial population, offering outdoor recreation and green space that this growing market generally desires. There is, however, a lack of research into visitor motivations to urban parks and more specifically millennial motivations. Findings from 280 quantitative surveys found three main barriers to visiting the Urban National Park: distance, transportation, and awareness. The lack of public transport combined with road congestion and fewer millennials owning cars creates issues with accessibility. Poor branding and knowledge through electronic media creates low awareness within a demographic market so tied to technology. Keywords: urban national parks; millennials; distance decay theory; visitor motivations; Canada
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