A growing movement has emerged that promotes a strengths-based approach to research and social policy and seeks to counter the limitations of traditional deficits-based orientations. We refer to this as a "movement" in the sense that it is an unorganized collection of groups that share a common worldview and are generally moving in the same direction. This movement encompasses researchers, advocates, and policymakers who have organized themselves around different issues such as resilience, health promotion, school reform, and community development and have developed different formal or informal organizational structures. Table 1.1 briefly contrasts the focuses of deficits-based approaches with those of strengths-based alternatives in 10 content areas.The specific rationale, terminology, and strengths-based approaches emerging in these areas vary, reflecting in part the different types of deficits models that have traditionally influenced each (see column 1 of Table 1.1). The common element across content areas is that they transform deficitsbased approaches to ones based on strengths, as shown in column 2 of Table
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