Experiential avoidance (EA) involves an unwillingness to remain in contact or experience unpleasant private events through attempts to avoid or escape from these experiences. EA is hypothesized to play a role in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD); however, previous studies have not found a significant relationship between EA and OCD severity. The present study examined the relationship between EA and OCD severity as measured by an updated measure of EA, an established measure of OCD severity (i.e., the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised [OCI-R]), and a new measure of OCD symptom dimension severity, the Dimensional Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (DOCS). A sample of 83 nonreferred individuals meeting criteria for OCD completed the measures. Correlations between EA and the OCI-R corroborated previous findings; however, EA was significantly correlated with the DOCS. There were differences across the symptom dimensions, with EA significantly correlated with unacceptable thoughts, responsibility for harm, and symmetry, but not with contamination.
Individuals who suffer from obsessive-compulsive disorder have persistent intrusive thoughts that cause severe distress that impairs daily functioning. These individuals often conceal their intrusive thoughts and delay help-seeking for fear of being stigmatized. Stigma can be problematic when it is present among mental health professionals because they may distance themselves from their clients and have a negative outlook on treatment outcome. To date there has not been any research that focuses on stigma that clinician's may hold towards obsessive-compulsive disorder or specific obsessions; however, there is evidence that mental health professionals may have prejudices towards individuals who suffer from other mental illnesses. The current study aimed to explore clinician and student clinician attitudes about obsessional content from varying symptom dimensions. Results indicated participants were more likely to socially reject or be concerned by individuals with obsessions related to contamination, harming, and sexual obsessions than those with scrupulous obsessions, and that they would be less likely to reveal sexual obsessions to others if they were experiencing them than the other three types of obsessions.
Young people worldwide face new challenges as climate change and complex family structures disrupt societies. These challenges impact on youth’s subjective well-being, with evidence of decline across many countries. While the burden of negative well-being on productivity is widely examined amongst adults, its cost among youth remains understudied. The current research comprehensively investigates the relationship between youth subjective well-being and standardized academic test scores. We use highly controlled machine learning models on a moderately-sized high-school student sample (N ~ 3400), with a composite subjective well-being index (composed of depression, anxiety and positive affect), to show that students with greater well-being are more likely to have higher academic scores 7–8 months later (on Numeracy: β* = .033, p = .020). This effect emerges while also accounting for previous test scores and other confounding factors. Further analyses with each well-being measure, suggests that youth who experience greater depression have lower academic achievement (Numeracy: β* = − .045, p = .013; Reading: β* = − .033, p = .028). By quantifying the impact of youth well-being, and in particular of lowering depression, this research highlights its importance for the next generation's health and productivity.
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