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The migration process in capillary electrophoresis is obtained by using a highvoltage power supply, and the basic idea is to keep the control on the migration velocity of the analytes by controlling either the applied voltage or current. The effectiveness of this control has impact on the resulting electropherogram and, thus, in the identification and quantification of the analytes. Although the usual electropherogram is the record of the detector signal as a function of time, other two domains should be considered: charge and mobility. Both mathematical modeling and experimental results were used to evaluate the two different approaches for controlling the electrophoretic migration and the resulting time-, charge-, and mobility-based electropherograms. The main conclusions are (1) the current-controlled mode is superior to the voltage-controlled mode; (2) when the first mode cannot be implemented, the electrophoretic current should be monitored to improve the identification and quantification procedures; and (3) the consistent monitoring of the electrophoretic current allows the implementation of the charge-based electropherogram and the mobility spectrum. The first one is advantageous because the peak position is more reproducible, and the peak area is more resistant to change than the ones from the time-based electropherogram. The mobility spectrum has the additional advantage of being more informative about the mobility of the analytes. Although peak area is less robust, the spectrum may also be used for quantitation when the number of plates is greater than 10 3 . K E Y W O R D Scapacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection, charge-based electropherogram, mobility spectrum, peak area INTRODUCTIONAn experiment in capillary electrophoresis (CE) can be described, in a few words, as to introduce a sample plug at the inlet of a capillary already filled with a background Abbreviations: C 4 D, capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection; HV, high voltage. electrolyte (BGE), high voltage (HV) is applied to the electrodes, and the detector signal is monitored as a function of time. This simple procedure describes how capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) and a few other CE techniques are performed. All of them share the concept of electropherogram: the record of the detector signal as a function of time. An electropherogram is interpreted similarly to a chromatogram, which was opportune in the early days of CE,

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