The techniques that we have developed to initially care for our Jehovah's Witness families may be applied to other pediatric and adult surgical procedures.

Prime volume of the cardiopulmonary bypass circuit may lead to significant hemodilution and the potential need for blood products for all patients, but may be more critical in the pediatric and, specifically, the neonatal patient. We report on the first use of the Terumo CAPIOX FX05 (Baby-FX) oxygenator with integral arterial filter, prime volume 43 ml, evaluating performance and air-handling of six Baby-FX versus thirteen Baby-RX oxygenators. The Terumo Baby-FX primes and performs as easily as the Baby-RX series. A significant prime component in the neonatal CPB circuit can be the arterial line filter (ALF). Removal of the ALF may lead to significant reduction in prime volume, decreased exposure to foreign surfaces with subsequent reduction in inflammation, and potential elimination or reduction in blood product exposures.

Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy is a procedure for the management of morbid obesity, which usually implies the placement of multiple trocars. It is now possible to perform procedures through smaller incisions, known as "invisible" or single port surgery. We describe the case of a transumbilical sleeve gastrectomy completed totally laparoscopically through a single port using a multichannel device.

Acute normovolemic hemodilution protects the platelets from the untoward effects of cardiopulmonary bypass and offers an important autologous blood product that improves hemostasis at the conclusion of surgery. Platelet count and function are preserved regardless of the method of collection or the length of storage. The volume of ANH removed appears to be an important determinant of blood product use and further understanding of the impact of this variable is a future direction of upcoming prospective research.

INVOS correlated more strongly than FORESIGHT with the jugular bulb rSO at SVC cannulation but may have underestimated oxygen saturation at low rSO values. Data from both NIRS devices were correlated with MAP and ETCO over the case duration.