The Review summarizes much of particle physics and cosmology. Using data from previous editions, plus 3,324 new measurements from 878 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons and the recently discovered Higgs boson, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as supersymmetric particles, heavy bosons, axions, dark photons, etc. Particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as Higgs Boson Physics, Supersymmetry, Grand Unified Theories, Neutrino Mixing, Dark Energy, Dark Matter, Cosmology, Particle Detectors, Colliders, Probability and Statistics. Among the 120 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised, including a new review on High Energy Soft QCD and Diffraction and one on the Determination of CKM Angles from B Hadrons. The Review is divided into two volumes. Volume 1 includes the Summary Tables and 98 review articles. Volume 2 consists of the Particle Listings and contains also 22 reviews that address specific aspects of the data presented in the Listings. The complete Review (both volumes) is published online on the website of the Particle Data Group (pdg.lbl.gov) and in a journal. Volume 1 is available in print as the PDG Book. A Particle Physics Booklet with the Summary Tables and essential tables, figures, and equations from selected review articles is available in print and as a web version optimized for use on phones as well as an Android app.

We present new sets of pion and kaon fragmentation functions obtained in NLO combined analyses of single-inclusive hadron production in electron-positron annihilation, proton-proton collisions, and deep-inelastic lepton-proton scattering with either pions or kaons identified in the final state. At variance with all previous fits, the present analyses take into account data where hadrons of different electrical charge are identified, which allow to discriminate quark from anti-quark fragmentation functions without the need of non trivial flavor symmetry assumptions. The resulting sets are in good agreement with all data analyzed, which cover a much wider kinematical range than in previous fits. An extensive use of the Lagrange multiplier technique is made in order to assess the uncertainties in the extraction of the fragmentation functions and the synergy from the complementary data sets in our global analysis.

We consider the transverse-momentum (q T ) distribution of generic high-mass systems (lepton pairs, vector bosons, Higgs particles, ....) produced in hadron collisions. At small q T , we concentrate on the all-order resummation of the logarithmicallyenhanced contributions in QCD perturbation theory. We elaborate on the b-space resummation formalism and introduce some novel features: the large logarithmic contributions are systematically exponentiated in a process-independent form and, after integration over q T , they are constrained by perturbative unitarity to give a vanishing contribution to the total cross section. At intermediate and large q T , resummation is consistently combined with fixed-order perturbative results, to obtain predictions with uniform theoretical accuracy over the entire range of transverse momenta. The formalism is applied to Standard Model Higgs boson production at LHC energies. We combine the most advanced perturbative information available at present for this process: resummation up to next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy and fixed-order perturbation theory up to next-to-leading order. The results show a high stability with respect to perturbative QCD uncertainties.

We discuss techniques and results for the extraction of the nucleon's spin-dependent parton distributions and their uncertainties from data for polarized deep-inelastic lepton-nucleon and proton-proton scattering by means of a global QCD analysis. Computational methods are described that significantly increase the speed of the required calculations to a level that allows one to perform the full analysis consistently at next-to-leading order accuracy. We examine how the various data sets help to constrain different aspects of the quark, antiquark, and gluon helicity distributions. Uncertainty estimates are performed using both the Lagrange multiplier and the Hessian approaches. We use the extracted parton distribution functions and their estimated uncertainties to predict spin asymmetries for high-transverse momentum pion and jet production in polarized proton-proton collisions at 500 GeV center-of-mass system energy at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider at Brookhaven National Laboratory, as well as for W boson production.