A 9-month-old dog with a history of progressive motor dysfunction was shown to have a deficiency in brain beta-galactosidase activity. The canine disease, like that of children with GM1 gangliosidosis, is characterized by accumulation of GM1 ganglioside in the brain, liver, and spleen, and membranous cytoplasmic bodies in neurons. The dog's pedigree suggests an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance.
Abstract.A retrospective study of 256 cases of naturally acquired Streptococcus suis infections in swine submitted to the Indiana Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory from 1985 to 1989 was performed to determine the epidemiologic factors and antibiotic susceptibility patterns associated with S. suis serotypes 1-8 and 1/2. A standardized computer form was used to record the history, signalment, and clinical signs obtained from the records of selected cases and the microscopic lesions identified after review of the histopathology slides for each case. A computer statistics package (SAP) was used to evaluate the data. Although the number of recovered S. suis isolates increased in the fall and winter months, most serotypes were readily isolated throughout the year; only serotypes 1, 4, 7, and 1/2 increased in frequency of isolation in the fall, winter, and spring months. The majority (6 1.1%) of infected pigs in this study were < 12 weeks of age. More than 75% of pigs infected with serotypes 1, 6, 7, and 1/2 were < 12 weeks of age. There was extensive overlap in the age distributions for pigs with each serotype, and statistically significant differences for most serotypes were not observed. Fifty percent of pigs infected with S. suis serotypes 1 and 1/2 were 3-10 weeks of age, 50% of pigs infected with serotype 2 were 6-14 weeks of age, and 50% of pigs infected with serotypes 3, 4, 5, 7, and 8 were 2-16 weeks of age. Isolates of S. suis were not uniformly susceptible to penicillin, and a large percentage of isolates were resistant to many antibiotics in common usage. The results of this study indicated that the various serotypes of S. suis could not be readily separated based on antibiograms, epidemiologic factors (herd size, breed, etc.), or geographic location.Streptococcus suis is a significant pathogen of human as extensively studied, and there are few published beings and swine that was first isolated during disease reports concerning the epidemiologic factors, clinical outbreaks in swine in the early 1950s in Europe. 5,13 In signs, and gross or microscopic lesions associated with the last 20 years, reports of clinical disease associated these serotypes in naturally infected swine. The goals with S. suis infection have markedly increased. The of this study were to describe the epidemiology and organism has been recovered from swine, other animal pathology of S. suis serotypes 1-8 and 1/2. species, and human beings in various countries throughout the world. 7,10,12,15,19 To date, at least 28 different serotypes of S. suis have been identified, 8 although many laboratories routinely screen only for serotypes 1-8 and 1/2. (Isolates of S. suis serotype 1/2 contain capsular antigens common to both serotype 1 and serotype 2 and therefore will react with antibody to both serotype 1 and serotype 2 in coagglutination and other tests).Streptococcus suis serotypes 1 and 2 are the most completely characterized, and in the USA they are primarily associated with meningitis in neonatal pigs and suppurative bronchopneumonia in...
Streptococcus suis is a cause of pneumonia, meningitis, and arthritis in swine. 2,5,11,16 The identification of S. suis in swine herds is increasing, and anecdotal field reports of difficulty in disease control and management, especially "vaccine failure," are common. The importance of S. suis as a primary pulmonary pathogen is controversial because of the difficulty in experimentally reproducing the disease. A retrospective study of porcine cases of S. suis submitted to the Indiana Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory from 1985 to 1989 was conducted to gain a better understanding of this disease in swine. Infections of 256 pigs involving a single serotype of S. suis were previously reported. 12-14 Reports of infection in pigs with multiple serotypes of S. suis are sparse. 1,9 We present a brief description of the epidemiology, clinical signs, and lesions in 21 accessions in which multiple serotypes of S. suis or multiple distinct isolates (strains) of the same capsular serotype of S. suis were identified. Isolates of the same capsular serotype that had different antibiogram profiles were considered to be distinct isolates or "strains" for the purposes of this study. Streptococcus suis isolates of the same capsular serotype and identical antibiogram profiles were considered to be identical organisms. These cases were selected to determine whether or not herds infected with multiple serotypes (or strains) of S. suis had unique features that might serve to distinguish these herds from those infected with a single serotype and strain of S. suis and to provide additional information on the development of this disease in swine. Selected cases were limited to those in which isolates were identified by capsular serotyping. Untypeable isolates of S. suis were not included in this study. Case selection criteria, data collection procedures, etc., were as previously described. 12 Of 277 accessions in which S. suis was identified, 21 accessions (7.6%) involving 37 pigs were cases in which 46 different isolates of S. suis were identified. The distribution of these isolates is shown in Tables 1 and 2. Because of the small sample size, statistical analyses were not performed. Although there was a slight increase in recovery of S. suis in the fall and winter months for all serotypes, S. suis was readily isolated throughout the year. In this study, there was a slight increase (approximately 5%) in the prevalence of serotypes 3, 7, and 8 and a decrease (approximately 10%) in the prevalence of serotype 2 from those reported previously. 12 Pigs in this study were 1-32 weeks of age. Seventy-five
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