Structural analyses along selected transects across the Menderes Massif and incorporation of existing data have resulted in a synthetic cross section across southwestern Turkey. The tectonic interpretation has been combined with 40 Ar/ 39 Ar laser-probe experiments on two syn-kinematic white mica populations, which, respectively, predate and overprint documented Early Miocene deformational fabrics. Our results indicate that the regional extension had initiated by Eocene±Oligocene times. A 362 Ma 40 Ar/ 39 Ar age derived from white mica which formed during a regionally observed, northward-directed tectonic transport suggests that the extension was contemporaneous with the tectonic emplacement of mid-crustal continental basement. Alternatively, the age may relate to the regional cooling of the basement sequence, and thus postdates the tectonic emplacement. In the latter scenario, the analysis fails to solve the present ambiguity on the Pan-African or Alpine affinity of the northward-directed transport. Further exhumation of basement rocks is characterized by a dominant displacement along the north-dipping Gediz Detachment at the northern margin of the massif, which developed under ductile conditions in the Early Miocene by partial exploitation of older zones of weakness, which originated from an earlier phase of basement emplacement. Youngest (semi)ductile activity along the Gediz Detachment has been recorded as having a 71 Ma 40 Ar/ 39 Ar age derived from syn-kinematic white mica in the top of the detachment. Following the initiation of the ductile Gediz Detachment, an antithetic, semibrittle, and south-dipping Büyük Menderes Detachment had developed in the center of the massif, which, together with the Gediz Detachment, accommodated further doming of the central part of the Menderes Massif and controlled the architecture of the surrounding supradetachment basins.

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ProSUM -Latin for "I am useful" -aims to provide better information on raw materials from secondary origins. It focuses in particular on the content of Critical Raw Materials (CRMs) from Batteries (BATT), Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE), End of Life Vehicles (ELV) and Mining Wastes (MIN) available for processing in Europe. However, data for these products are usually very scattered amongst a variety of institutions, including government agencies, universities, NGOs and industry. This deficit is addressed in this H2020 funded project. ProSUM will establish a European network of expertise on secondary sources of CRMs, vital to today's high-tech society. It coordinates efforts to collect secondary CRM data and collate maps of stocks and flows for materials and products in the "urban mine". The project will construct a comprehensive inventory identifying and mapping CRM stocks and flows across the European Union (EU). Via a user-friendly, open-access Urban Mine Knowledge Data Platform (EU-UMKDP), it will combine and relate them to primary raw materials data from the EU-FP7 Minerals4EU project and communicate the results online through the future European Geological Data Infrastructure (EGDI) at large. It will also provide update protocols, standards and recommendations to maintain and expand the EU-UMKDP in the future.

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Raw materials are essential for the sustainable functioning of modern societies. Access to and affordability of mineral raw materials are crucial for the sound functioning of the European Union's economy. The increasing demand for raw materials raises growing concerns regarding mineral resources and especially metals availability. Furthermore, many metals, metalloids or rare earth elements that had no application in the past are now used for the manufacture of high added-value products, especially in the domain of new and green technologies. Many of them are by-products of base metals production, and their reserves are very limited. Therefore a list of strategic and critical materials was established by the European Commission in 2010. Following the rich mining history of France, there are currently some 300 mineral deposits mined or significantly explored. These are the source of large quantities of 'tailings' (gangue, processing waste resulting from concentration or hydrometallurgical treatment, slag, heap). The European Directive 2006/21/EC of 15 March 2006 on the management of waste from extractive industries oversees the permit conditions, storage, monitoring and control of mining waste to ensure the protection of human health and the environment. The member states have to carry out and periodically update an inventory of closed waste facilities that cause or have the potential to cause a serious threat to human health or the environment. Moreover, the directive encourages the recovery of extractive waste by means of recycling, reuse or reclamation. Following this, an inventory was finalised in France in 2012 in which 2,100 metallic and 1,300 coal tailings were identified and prioritised according to their potential impacts on groundwaters, surface waters, soils and human health. Among these, 53 sites with major environmental issues were listed. These sites are and will be the subject of specific actions (environmental and sanitary studies, works of rehabilitation) in order to reduce their long-term impact on both human health and environment. While metallic elements present in the tailings are by nature nondegradable, these actions require long-term approaches. The paper focuses on one of these sites, former Pb-Ag mines, where operations have led to the production of 200,000 m 3 of mining waste. A French Geological Survey (BRGM) rehabilitation programme, based on environmental studies, was designed to stop additional tailings erosion towards the river and the surrounding areas and to avoid any contacts between the contaminated materials and the population. Metals recovery could be envisaged to mitigate the remediation cost. https://papers.acg.uwa.edu.au/p/1352_48_Bellenfant/ Reprocessing of mining waste: combining environmental management and metal recovery?

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