Manusia merupakan makhluk sosial, yaitu makhluk yang membutuhkan interaksi dengan manusia lainnya. Interaksi antarmanusia tersebut tidak hanya komunikasi saja tetapi juga menyakut seluruh aspek kehidupan, tidak terkecuali aspek hukum. Informed consent adalah persetujuan pasien terhadap tindakan kedokteran yang akan dilakukan terhadap dirinya setelah kepada pasien tersebut diberikan penjelasan yang lengkap tentang tindakan kedokteran yang akan dilakukan tersebut. Tujuan dari informed consent sendiri adalah melindungi pasien terhadap segala tindakan medis yang dilakukan tanpa sepengetahuan pasien. Kegiatan bakti sosial adalah wujud perhatian dan empati untuk meringankan beban masyarakat. Kegiatan yang bersifat membantu ini banyak diminati oleh masyarakat menengah kebawah karena tidak memungut biaya.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah yuridis sosiologis yang artinya yaitu studi yang dipelajari sebagai variable akibat yang timbul sebagai hasil akhir dari berbagai kekuatan dalam proses social sebagai langkah langkah dan desain teknis penelitian hukum mengikuti pola ilmu sosial dan berakhir dengan kesimpulan.Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Dalam pelaksanaan bakti sosial kesehatan di Rumah sakit Islam Sultan Agung Semarang belum terdapat peraturan pelaksanaan tindakan kedokteran dibakukan yang tertuang dalam SOP (Standart Oprasional Prosedur ). Responden dalam melakukan persetujuan tindakan medis terdapat lima (55,5%) responden yang melakukan persetujuan tindakan medis. satu (11,1%) responden yang kadang memberikan Penjelasan tindakan medis dan tiga (33,3%) responden tidak melakukan persetujuan tindakan medis baik itu persetujuan tindakan medis dalam bentuk lisan dan tertulis. Kendala-kendala yang ditemukan dalam pelaksanaan persetujuan tindakan medik yaitu masalah dalam penjelasan yang tidak begitu dimengerti oleh pasien mungkin bisa dikarenakan dalam memberikan penjelasan dilakukan secara massal, Pasien menolak apabila diberikan penjelasan dan Faktor sosial, ekonomi dan pendidikan.
Buleleng District, was growing rapidly. Therefore, it was necessary to monitor the implementation of traditional health services in Buleleng District. The purpose of this study was to know the supervision conducted by Buleleng District Health Office on the implementation of empirical-traditional health service and the protection of the community's right to health. This study used socio-legal approach having an analyticaldescriptive specification and qualitative research design. Data gathering was conducted by having in-depth interviews. The results of the study showed about the legal basis of empirical-traditional health service, implementation of supervision to the Head of Buleleng District's Health Office and The factors influencing the implementation of the supervision. The conclusions that could be drawn was the supervision conducted by the Buleleng District's Health Office was not optimal so that the community's health rights had not been protected. It was suggested that the provincial government, the empiricaltraditional health service providers, and the community as well would push Buleleng District's Health Office to perform better supervision so that it would be able to provide protection for the community's rights to health.
The geographical situation and the disparity of the radiologist distribution make access to radiology services in rural, remote and island areas unmet. The presence of teleradiology can eliminate such gaps by increasing the speed and accuracy of diagnoses through technological assistance carried out in stages through the regulation of the telemedicine pilot project. Although teleradiology is currently still limited to trials, it is necessary to consider legal aspects, such as fairness, usefulness and legal certainty to the fulfillment of patient rights. This study is sociological-juridical with explanatory research specification. This study uses primary data obtained from in-depth interview to 6 informants consisting of 1 region head IDI, one head of medical support head, 1 ICT legal expert, with one radiologist with two radiographers who is performing teleradiology. Meanwhile, secondary data as media supporting obtained through by literature and legislation review. Furthermore, data obtained are processed and analyzed qualitatively. Based on the results of research in dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar Hospital and H.A. Sulthan Daeng Radja Bulukumba Hospital, the implementation of teleradiology in both hospitals resulted in some of the patient's rights being unfulfilled due to infrastructure constraints, limited human resources and lack of socialization. Patients are not entitled to informed consent and the provision of medical information. The right to the second opinion is also not fulfilled so that the patient does not get a chance to seek a second chance on the diagnosis of his illness. The non-fulfillment of both rights also affects the right to patient safety in the hospital in the case of management and taking action due to incomplete medical record data. As for the legal aspects to be achieved in the implementation of teleradiology, i.e., equity, usefulness, and legal certitude aspect. However, from these three aspects, the legal certitude aspect is not implemented properly as part of the fulfillment of patient rights due to existing regulations not to set certain things that can provide legal protection for provider or recipient of teleradiology service.
The National Health Insurance Program is a provision of Law No. 40 of 2004 About the National Social Security System; in its implementation, various principles have been developed as the philosophical foundations that implementing parties must adhere to. In addition to the social insurance principle, the equity principle is used as a guiding principle while providing services to National Health Insurance participants. In practice, however, this equity idea has not been fully and uniformly grasped by all parties. In the meantime, the National Health Insurance members must utilize quality control and cost-control instruments in the delivery of health services. In truth, the Health Social Security Agency of Indonesia and the Misi Lebak Hospital are unable to maintain low costs.This study aims to establish the equity principle in the implementation of the National Health Insurance program, as well as the procedures for quality control and cost-control instruments in the National Health Insurance program, and how hospitals are administered. The Misi Lebak Hospital's objective is to implement equality principles in the National Health Insurance program by controlling quality and costs. This research method employs a sociologically-based legal strategy with descriptive parameters. In this study, the combination approach was used for data analysis. The research was done in Lebak Regency, which is where Misi Lebak Hospital is located. It is a Class C hospital that is also an Advanced Level Referral Health Facility.According to the research conducted, the Misi Lebak Hospital achieved the equity principle in implementing the National Health Insurance program through quality control and cost-control management. Medical services or medical benefits offered to National Health Insurance participants do not vary based on their membership rights, which only change the supply of non-medical advantages. The results demonstrated that the meaning of the equity principle shifted from general to specific. Thus, the systems for quality control and cost-control instruments at the Misi Lebak Hospital utilize the same principle. The contract between the Health Social Security Agency of Indonesia and the Advanced Level Referral Health Facility specifies that hospitals must adhere to the quality and cost indicators outlined in the agreement. Each organizer should apply synergy in carrying out their tasks and responsibilities and provide the appropriate supervision to achieve the National Health Insurance program's objectives.
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