A systematic study of electrolytes has been conducted to explore how solution structure dictates electrolyte properties. Specifically, the transport properties (viscosity, conductivity and molar conductivity) of acetonitrile-lithium salt mixtures, (AN)n-LiX, are reported for electrolytes with LiPF6, LiTFSI (i.e., LiN(SO2CF3)2), LiClO4, LiBF4 and LiCF3CO2. These salts have widely varying ion solvation/ionic association behavior which is directly reflected in the transport properties of the AN solutions. Information about the solution structure has been utilized, in concert with molecular dynamic (MD) simulations, to provide mechanistic explanations for the variability noted in the transport properties of the electrolyte mixtures.

This article discusses the impact of the opioid epidemic and other substance use disorders (SUDs) on families and their members, including children. We review factors contributing to this major public health and safety problem, current trends in opioid and other substance use and misuse, prevalence of opioid use disorders (OUDs) and other SUDs, and interventions to help families. Sources of information for this article include research, clinical and recovery literature, government reports, experiences of the two senior authors in clinical settings, and interviews and surveys of family members affected by a loved one’s SUD.

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