The present study was aimed at highlighting the final properties of two different steelmaking slags which undergo different cooling rates. The experiments were conducted in laboratory scale using an induction furnace. One of the slags originates from an electric arc furnace (EAF) (high‐alloyed) and the second slag from a basic oxygen furnace (BOF). The treatment of the slag included re‐melting along with different cooling rates. The material collected from the tests was characterized through X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy as well as thermodynamic calculations which were compared with experimental results, for confirmation. The results indicate that both the EAF and BOF slags show increased reactivity with water, as well as a decrease in crystal size when rapid cooling is applied. The wüstite‐type solid solution (Mg,Fe,Mn)O varies in composition depending on the cooling conditions. Metastable Ca3SiO5 was found in the rapidly‐ cooled BOF slag.
Ladle slag is an internal by‐product generated within the steelmaking industry during the refining of steel. The realisation of beneficial inherent properties of ladle slag as a binder supplement or substitute material is believed to be advantageous with respect to both economy and environment for steelmakers. For this reason, the current study has focused on highlighting the properties of ladle slag that are pertinent to the formation of calcium aluminate hydrates. Three fractions of ladle slag, two of which were based on different slag formers, have been characterised using XRF, XRD and calorimetric analysis. Commonly known hydraulic minerals such as mayenite, tricalcium aluminate and dicalcium silicate were detected during analysis. An important aspect in the utilisation of ladle slag is the slag handling methodology. Therefore, this study also highlights and discusses the need to reconsider slag handling procedures concerning unnecessary exposure to weathering and the possible need for further processing of the slag in order to better employ the inherent hydraulic properties of this material.
Based on modified Bogue calculations, steelmaking slags were combined in order to produce a belite-rich clinker activated with sulphoaluminate. The experiments were conducted on two different mixtures based on steelmaking slags together with additives, namely MixA and MixB. The objective of the present study was to investigate the hydraulic properties of the specimens, using conduction calorimetry, X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry, and also to measure the mechanical strength of the specimens when hydrated for 2 and 28 days. The compressive strength was satisfactory in relation to the estimated compositions. Both mixtures behaved the same with regard to heat development as well as the amount of ettringite formed during the first 24 h of the hydration.
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