Suicide is one of the leading causes of death in the world, and depression is among the top causes of morbidity and mortality at international level. The main complication of any depression is precisely suicidal behavior, with all its facets. The present work is a succinct study aimed at highlighting the main categories of motivations that lead to suicidal behaviors in the spectrum of depression. The group of patients selected for this study presents all possible variants of diagnoses in the spectrum of endogenous depressions. The research reveals data on psychotic motivation, motivations in the socio-familial and professional sphere, as well as the correlation between the present suicidal behavior and the clinical form of depression. The fi ndings emphasize once again the imperative need not to neglect any of the symptoms of depression, from anxiety to delusional hallucinatory phenomena, in correlation with the patient's entire bio-psycho-social context, to support the prevention of any form of suicidal behavior.
The present paper is the presentation of a case that exposes a positive and differential diagnosis controversy, in the context of a catatonic syndrome with a sudden onset, occurring in an apparent state of mental health, in a patient of 42 years old, without personal or heredocolateral psychiatric history, with normal premorbid functioning. Its purpose is to emphasize the importance of excluding organicity in the case of catatonic syndrome and to make it aware that the impact of the often impressive psychotic symptoms should not overshadow the detection of potentially life-threatening somatic symptoms. The presented case underlines precisely the dilemma of establishing the etiology of catatonic syndrome, between endogenous causes and underdiagnosed meningeal reaction.
It is estimated that, with the increase of the life expectancy of the population, one in two people at the age of 85 years old will have a form of dementia. This will represent a real burden for medical systems, and an increasing responsibility for their families and for society. The behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia continue to receive insufficient attention. These symptoms can be observed some years before an adequate diagnosis of dementia, and they can be the first signs of alarm before the development of specific cognitive pathology. Patients suffering from dementia can benefit from integrated medical services, specialized care at home or at the hospital, day care services, specialized health services, memory assessment services, psychological and home care therapies, together with a specific drug therapy. Taking into account all of these aspects presented above, the aim of the paper is to analyze if an earlier diagnosis of dementia can be done in clinical practice, because the initiation of earlier treatment, in the mild-to-moderate phase, can lead to a considerable improvement of cognitive functions. In this context, as dementia is diagnosed earlier, an appropriate treatment can also improve the behavioral symptomatology. Also, a multidisciplinary approach can be of real help in assessing, anticipating and managing all these issues.
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